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href=\"https:\/\/xianzhengzhuyi.blogspot.com\/2023\/05\/constitutionalism101.html#anchor0\">\uff08\u8fd4\u56de\u76ee\u5f55\uff09<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\uff083\uff09\u4f55\u8c13\u6cd5\u6cbb<\/p>\n<p>\u4f55\u8c13\u6cd5\u6cbb\uff0c\u8981\u5f3a\u8c03\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6cd5\u6cbb\u662f\u201c\u6cbb\u7406\u201d\u7684\u201c\u6cbb\u201d\uff0c\u53eb\u505aRule of Law\u3002\u5927\u5bb6\u8bf4\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u6cd5\u6cbb\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u3010\u542c\u4f17\u3011\u4f9d\u6cd5\u6cbb\u56fd\uff0c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n<p>\u4f9d\u6cd5\u6cbb\u56fd\u2260\u6cd5\u6cbb<\/p>\n<p>\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff0c\u4f9d\u6cd5\u6cbb\u56fd\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4e0b\u9762\u8bb2\u554a\uff0c\u6070\u6070\u662f\u4f9d\u6cd5\u6cbb\u56fd\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u6cd5\u6cbb\u3002\u201c\u4f9d\u636e\u6cd5\u5f8b\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u4f9d\u636e\u201d\uff0c\u82f1\u6587\u5c31\u662f\u201cby\u201d\u3002Rule by 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href=\"https:\/\/xianzhengzhuyi.blogspot.com\/2023\/05\/constitutionalism101.html#anchor0\">\uff08\u8fd4\u56de\u76ee\u5f55\uff09<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\uff089\uff09\u4eba\u6743\u4fdd\u969c<\/p>\n<p>\u4eba\u6743\u4fdd\u969c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u8981\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u6743\u5229\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u653f\u5e9c\u6743\u529b\u7684\u8fb9\u754c<\/p>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48\u653f\u5e9c\u6743\u529b\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\uff1f\u521a\u624d\u6211\u4eec\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u6743\u529b\u662f\u6700\u5371\u9669\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u4fb5\u72af\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u6743\u5229\u3002\u6211\u544a\u8bc9\u5927\u5bb6\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u672f\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u2014\u2014\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u8005\u90fd\u540c\u610f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8bb8\u591a\u5b66\u8005\u540c\u610f\u2014\u2014\u5c31\u662f\u5baa\u653f\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u91ca\u5baa\u673a\u5173\u89e3\u91ca\u5baa\u6cd5\u5982\u4f55\u4fdd\u62a4\u4eba\u6743\u3001\u9650\u5236\u653f\u5e9c\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u5219\u662f\u6b8a\u9014\u540c\u5f52\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u53eb\u505a\u201c\u6bd4\u4f8b\u539f\u5219\u201d\u3002\u6bd4\u4f8b\u539f\u5219\u9996\u5148\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u4e8c\u6218\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5fb7\u56fd\u5baa\u6cd5\u6cd5\u9662\uff0c\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u88ab\u5927\u5bb6\u53d1\u73b0\u771f\u7684\u5f88\u597d\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u5b9e\u9645\u64cd\u4f5c\u6027\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u88ab\u6cd5\u5b66\u5bb6\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u867d\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u660e\u8bf4\u6bd4\u4f8b\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u5728\u89e3\u91ca\u5baa\u6cd5\u3001\u4fdd\u62a4\u4eba\u6743\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u7ecf\u5e38\u6027\u7684\u91c7\u7528\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u5e73\u8861\u539f\u5219\u201d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5728\u5b9e\u8d28\u4e0a\u4e0e\u6bd4\u4f8b\u539f\u5219\u7b49\u4ef7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6bd4\u4f8b\u539f\u5219\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1f\u56db\u6761\u8981\u70b9\uff1a\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u6743\u529b\u65bd\u52a0\u4e8e\u4eba\u6c11\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5177\u6709<b><strong>\u76ee\u7684\u6b63\u5f53\u6027\u3001\u624b\u6bb5\u9002\u5408\u6027\u3001\u624b\u6bb5\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u3001\u9650\u5236\u7684\u59a5\u5f53\u6027<\/strong><\/b>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u4e00\u4e2a\u96c6\u4f53\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u5171\u540c\u4f53\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u5177\u6709\u5bf9\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u6210\u5458\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u9650\u5236\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u73b0\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u5baa\u653f\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u6b8a\u9014\u540c\u5f52\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u8981\u6ee1\u8db3\u8fd9\u56db\u4e2a\u8981\u70b9\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u6743\u529b\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e86\u8fd9\u56db\u4e2a\u8981\u70b9\uff0c\u624d\u662f\u5408\u4e4e\u5baa\u653f\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u3001\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e2a\u4eba\u6743\u5229\u7684\u6b63\u5f53\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u6743\u529b\u3002\u5927\u5bb6\u662f\u5426\u540c\u610f\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u6ca1\u6709\u65f6\u95f4\u6765\u7ec6\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u81f3\u5c11\u4ece\u5b57\u9762\u4e0a\u770b\u662f\u6709\u9053\u7406\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0a\u8bb2\u662f\u53ef\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u6548\u679c\u4e0a\u8bb2\u662f\u57fa\u672c\u5b8c\u5907\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u56db\u6761\u90fd\u6ee1\u8db3\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u6743\u529b\u9879\u76ee\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u6b63\u5f53\u7684\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3010\u542c\u4f17\u3011\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6bd4\u4f8b\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48\u5730\u65b9\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u3010\u542c\u4f17\u3011\u5bf9\uff0c\u89e3\u91ca\u4e00\u4e0b\u6bd4\u4f8b\u539f\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6bd4\u4f8b\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u770b\uff0c\u59a5\u5f53\u6027\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u5c31\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u4f8b\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u5728\u5185\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u3010\u542c\u4f17\u3011\u80fd\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u3010\u542c\u4f17\u3011\u5c31\u662f\u4f60\u4e0d\u8981\u8fc7\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u662f\u7684\u3002\u4e3e\u4f8b\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\u53f8\u6cd5\u7684\u91cf\u5211\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53f8\u6cd5\u7684\u91cf\u5211\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5211\u7f5a\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2a\u4eba\u6743\u5229\u7684\u5265\u593a\uff1f\u90a3\u4e48\u91cf\u5211\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u5e94\u5f53\u8ddf\u4ed6\u7684\u72af\u7f6a\u884c\u4e3a\u6210\u6bd4\u4f8b\uff1f\u5927\u5bb6\u662f\u5426\u540c\u610f\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff1f\u7ed9\u4ed6\u5173\u76d1\u72f1\uff0c\u5173\u591a\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9650\u5236\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u59a5\u5f53\uff1f\u8fd9\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6761\u9650\u5236\u59a5\u5f53\u6027\uff0c\u4e5f\u79f0\u4f5c\u72ed\u4e49\u6bd4\u4f8b\u539f\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u624b\u6bb5\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u662f\u5e94\u8be5\u793e\u533a\u52b3\u52a8\u5462\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5e94\u8be5\u6293\u8d77\u6765\u5173\u76d1\u72f1\uff1f\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u624b\u6bb5\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u5fc5\u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of 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democracy\uff0c\u5b83\u6307\u7684\u5c31\u662f\uff0c<b><strong>\u6c11\u4e3b\u672c\u8eab\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u4f9d\u9760\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u8fd0\u4f5c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u6211\u9632\u5fa1\uff1b\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e25\u91cd\u5371\u5bb3\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3001\u5baa\u653f\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u8a00\u8bba\uff0c\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u63e3\u5ea6\u8861\u91cf\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5b83\u505a\u51fa\u9650\u5236<\/strong><\/b>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u76ee\u524d\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u3002\u5728\u6b27\u6d32\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7eb3\u7cb9\u8a00\u8bba\u662f\u6709\u9650\u5236\u7684\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7eb3\u7cb9\u7684\u653f\u515a\u662f\u8981\u76f4\u63a5\u53d6\u7f14\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u8003\u3002\u4f46\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u6b27\u6d32\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u6211\u4eec\u516c\u8ba4\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6076\u8a00\u6076\u8bed\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u4e5f\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u8a00\u8bba\u81ea\u7531\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u5398\u6e05\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u660e\u767d\uff0c\u5baa\u653f\u7684\u529f\u7528\u662f\u6709\u9650\u7684\uff0c\u5baa\u653f\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5c31\u50cf\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u6700\u5f00\u59cb\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u8981\u62b1\u6b8b\u5b88\u7f3a\u7684\u3002\u5baa\u653f\u7684\u8bc9\u6c42\u672a\u5fc5\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u4e0e\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5973\u6743\u8bc9\u6c42\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\uff0c\u6765\u5408\u62cd\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u9996\u5148\u628a\u8fd9\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8bc9\u6c42\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u533a\u5206\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u660e\u767d\u4ec0\u4e48\u8bc9\u6c42\u662f\u5baa\u653f\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u8bc9\u6c42\u6240\u80fd\u591f\u6ee1\u8db3\u7684\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48\u8bc9\u6c42\u662f\u5baa\u653f\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u8bc9\u6c42\u6240\u4e0d\u80fd\u6ee1\u8db3\u7684\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u505a\u51fa\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5212\u5206\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u4e24\u4e2a\u90fd\u8981\u505a\u5f97\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4fa7\u91cd\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f3a\u6c42\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u653f\u6cbb\u8bc9\u6c42\u4e4b\u4e2d\u8981\u628a\u4e24\u4e2a\u90fd\u8981\u8fbe\u5230\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u597d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u5462\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9\u5f85\u4e0d\u5f53\u8a00\u8bba\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6211\u521a\u624d\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u5728\u5211\u6cd5\u65b9\u9762\u672a\u5fc5\u6709\u591a\u5927\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u53bb\u505a\u51fa\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u6ca1\u6cd5\u628a\u5f88\u591a\u4e0d\u5f53\u8a00\u8bba\u5165\u7f6a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u6c11\u4e8b\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97\u8d54\u507f\u7684\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8a00\u8bba\u6216\u8005\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u6b67\u89c6\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8a00\u884c\uff0c\u5728\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u505a\u51fa\uff0c\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u8ba9\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u6765\u627f\u62c5\u6cd5\u5f8b\u8d23\u4efb\uff0c\u505a\u51fa\u6c11\u4e8b\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8d54\u507f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56fd\u5bb6\u5728\u5236\u5b9a\u6c11\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u5bf9\u6c11\u95f4\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u89c4\u8303\u3002\u6c11\u95f4\u793e\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u7ea0\u7eb7\uff0c\u7531\u56fd\u5bb6\u6765\u4ef2\u88c1\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u56fd\u5bb6\u4f9d\u636e\u6c11\u6cd5\u6765\u505a\u4ef2\u88c1\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u4ef2\u88c1\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f53\u73b0\u5bf9\u5973\u6743\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56fd\u5bb6\u7acb\u6cd5\u4fdd\u62a4\u5973\u6743\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u7acb\u8db3\u4e8e\u5e73\u7b49\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5207\u5b9e\u7684\u5177\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u79cd\u7537\u6027\u5973\u6027\u5f85\u9047\u7684\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u5b9e\u8d28\u7684\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u56fd\u5bb6\u901a\u8fc7\u7acb\u6cd5\u6765\u7ef4\u62a4\u3001\u6765\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5e73\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u662f\u5baa\u653f\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u5230\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u597d\u7684\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u6700\u540e\u7684\u4e00\u5f20\u6f14\u793a\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u8d70\u5411\u516c\u5e73\u6b63\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/xianzhengzhuyi.blogspot.com\/2023\/05\/constitutionalism101.html#anchor0\">\uff08\u8fd4\u56de\u76ee\u5f55\uff09<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\uff0810\uff09\u516c\u5e73\u6b63\u4e49\u4e0e\u5185\u5723\u5916\u738b<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0c\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u516c\u5e73\u6b63\u4e49\u662f\u5927\u5bb6\u6240\u5173\u5fc3\u7684\u8bdd\u9898\u3002\u5982\u4f55\u8fbe\u5230\u516c\u5e73\u548c\u6b63\u4e49\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u65e0\u77e5\u7684\u9762\u7eb1\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u5927\u5bb6\u662f\u5426\u542c\u8bf4\u8fc7\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u5b66\u8005\u53eb\u7f57\u5c14\u65af\uff0c\u4ed6\u6709\u4e00\u90e8\u8457\u4f5c\u53eb\u505a\u300a\u6b63\u4e49\u8bba\u300b\uff1f\u8fd9\u90e8\u300a\u6b63\u4e49\u8bba\u300b\u5c31\u6d89\u53ca\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u7acb\u5baa\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e00\u7fa4\u4eba\u8981\u7ec4\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7fa4\u4f53\uff0c\u8981\u5236\u5b9a\u4e00\u90e8\u5baa\u6cd5\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u90e8\u5baa\u6cd5\u5982\u4f55\u5236\u5b9a\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u7f57\u5c14\u65af\u63d0\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u53eb\u505a\u201c<b><strong>\u65e0\u77e5\u7684\u9762\u7eb1<\/strong><\/b>\u201d\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u4e2d\u6587\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u201c\u65e0\u77e5\u4e4b\u5e55\u201d\uff0c\u82f1\u6587\u53eb\u505aVeil 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