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\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u51e0\u6b21\u5168\u56fd\u6295\u7968\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u6b63\u5f53\u6027\u4fbf\u4f1a\u76f8\u5f53\u5145\u5206\u5730\u786e\u7acb\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u83b7\u5f97\u8f83\u5f3a\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u548c\u80fd\u529b\u5e94\u5bf9\u5176\u4ed6\u91cd\u5927\u53d8\u9769\u3002

\u5ef6\u4f38\u9605\u8bfb\uff1a
Benjamin Reilly \uff1aSemi-presidentialism and democratic development in East Asia\uff08APEC Economies NEWSLETTER, Vol. 12 No. 10 November 2008\uff09\u3002
Yossi Shain and Juan J. Linz:Between States: Interim Governments in Democratic Transitions\uff0cpp.84-86\u3002
\u6587\u68ee\u7279\u00b7\u5965\u65af\u7279\u7f57\u59c6\u8457\u3001\u6bdb\u5bff\u9f99\u8bd1\u300a\u590d\u5408\u5171\u548c\u5236\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u7406\u8bba\u300b91\u9875\uff08\u4e0a\u6d77\u4e09\u8054\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

[i]<\/a> \u53c2\u89c1 Benjamin Reilly<\/em> \uff1aSemi-presidentialism and democratic development in East Asia \uff08 APEC Economies NEWSLETTER\uff0cVol. 12 No. 10 November 2008\uff09\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u53f0\u6e7e\u5b9e\u884c\u7684\u662f\u603b\u7edf\u5236\u8fd8\u662f\u534a\u603b\u7edf\u5236\uff0c\u6709\u5f85\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002\u884c\u653f\u9662\u957f\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u7531\u8bae\u4f1a\u591a\u6570\u515a\u9886\u8896\u51fa\u4efb\u3002\u603b\u7edf\u7684\u6743\u529b\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u884c\u653f\u9662\u957f\u66f4\u50cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e55\u50da\u957f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[ii]<\/a> \u53c2\u89c1Arendt Lijphart’s\uff1a Patterns of Democracy: Government Forms and Performance in Thirty-Six Countries\u3002Table 7.1 at pp.132-133.\uff08Yale University Press, 1999)\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u5bf936\u4e2a\u6c11\u4e3b\u56fd\u5bb6\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u603b\u7edf\u5236\u56fd\u5bb6\uff091945-1996\u5e74\u7684\u5185\u9601\u5bff\u547d\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7edf\u8ba1\u300210\u591a\u5e74\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e86\uff0c\u5982\u91cd\u65b0\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5e94\u8be5\u4f1a\u6709\u6240\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u4f1a\u635f\u5bb3\u6211\u5bf9\u5fb7\u56fd\u3001\u65b0\u897f\u5170\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u653f\u515a\u8fdb\u5165\u8bae\u4f1a\u7684\u95e8\u69db\u6bd4\u5fb7\u56fd\u7565\u4f4e\u7684\u632a\u5a01\u548c\u745e\u5178\uff0c\u5185\u9601\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u5bff\u547d\u662f4.22\u30014.77\u5e74\u3002\u82f1\u56fd\u3001\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u3001\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u5185\u9601\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u5bff\u547d\u5206\u522b\u662f8.49\u30018.42\u30017.26\u5e74\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[iii]<\/a> \u53c2\u89c1Arturo Valenzu: Latin American Presidencies Interrupted, Larry Diamond , in Marc F. Plattner and Diego Abente Brun: Latin America’s Struggle for Democracy, pp.3-17 \uff08The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2008).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[iv]<\/a> J. Linz and A. Stepan\uff1aProblems of Democratic Transition and Consolidation\uff0cp169.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[v]<\/a> \u53c2\u89c1\u738b\u4e16\u6770\u3001\u94b1\u7aef\u5347\u300a\u6bd4\u8f83\u5baa\u6cd5\u300b360-367\u9875\uff08\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u6cd5\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e1998\u5e74\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[vi]<\/a> \u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u8d85\u7ea7\u8bae\u4f1a\u5236\u201d\u4e0e\u901a\u5e38\u7684\u8bae\u4f1a\u5236\u5f88\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u6211\u66fe\u7ecf\u7ed9\u5b83\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff1a\u201c\u5927\u4f1a\u5236\u653f\u5e9c\u201d\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u515a\u6cbb\u56fd\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u653f\u5e9c\u5f62\u5f0f\u53ea\u505c\u7559\u5728\u5728\u7eb8\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b83\u53d8\u6210\u73b0\u5b9e\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c06\u662f\u8352\u5510\u7684\u3002\u53c2\u89c1\u738b\u5929\u6210\u300a\u8bba\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u300b\uff08http:\/\/www.gongfa.com\/republicwangtc.htm\uff0c1999\u5e74\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[vii]<\/a> Yossi Shain \u548cJuan J. Linz\u9887\u4e3a\u8be6\u7ec6\u5730\u8ba8\u8bba\u8fc7\u5148\u9009\u4e3e\u5236\u5baa\u4f1a\u8bae\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u53c2\u89c1\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8457\u4f5cBetween States: Interim Governments in Democratic Transitions\uff0cpp.84-86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[viii]<\/a> \u540c\u4e0a\u4e66\uff0cp85\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[ix]<\/a> \u6982\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u5236\u5baa\u6a21\u5f0f\u6709\u56db\u79cd\uff1a1\u3001\u8bae\u4f1a\u5236\u5baa\uff1b2\uff0c\u7acb\u5baa\u4f1a\u8bae\u5236\u5baa\uff1b3\uff0c\u534f\u5546\u4f1a\u8bae\u5236\u5baa\uff1b4\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4fee\u5baa\u5236\u5baa\uff0c\u5373\u7ecf\u8fc7\u82e5\u5e72\u6b21\u4fee\u5baa\u5f62\u6210\u65b0\u5baa\u6cd5\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u70b9\u7b80\u5355\u5316\u7684\u6982\u62ec\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u63d0\u5230\u5168\u6c11\u516c\u51b3\u5728\u5236\u5baa\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u8fd0\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[x]<\/a>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5173\u4e8e\u8bae\u4f1a\u89c4\u6a21\u5b9a\u5f8b\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u53d6\u81ea\u6211<\/strong>2000<\/strong>\u5e74\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u3002\u53c2\u89c1\u300a\u4e09\u8bba\u5171\u548c\u56fd\uff1a\u5173\u4e8e\u56fd\u4f1a\u5236\u7684\u601d\u8003\u300b\uff08<\/strong>http:\/\/is.gd\/f1v5c<\/strong>\uff09\u3002\u987a\u4fbf\u8bf4\u4e00\u53e5\uff0c\u8be5\u6587\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e24\u9662\u534a\u5236\u7684\u672a\u6765\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u4f1a\u5236\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5b83\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7814\u7a76\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\uff0c\u51e0\u5e74\u524d\u6211\u5df2\u58f0\u660e\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u91cd\u7533\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u672a\u6765\u5e94\u8be5\u4eff\u7167\u8bb8\u591a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u8bbe\u7acb\u53c2\u4f17\u4e24\u9662\u3002\u53c2\u8bae\u9662\u4ee5\u7701\u7ea7\u533a\u57df\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u9009\u4e3e\uff0c\u4f17\u8bae\u9662\u6309\u4eba\u53e3\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4ea7\u751f\u3002\u8003\u8651\u5230\u6700\u597d\u5b9e\u884c\u8bae\u4f1a\u5236\uff0c\u4f17\u8bae\u9662\u5e94\u76f8\u5bf9\u5f3a\u52bf\u4e00\u4e9b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5fc5\u9700\u7531\u4f17\u8bae\u9662\u7ec4\u7ec7\u653f\u5e9c\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[xii]<\/a> \u540c\u4e0a\u4e66\uff0c298-299\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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