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Nathan\uff09\u8457\u3001\u4f55\u5927\u660e\u8bd1\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u6cbb\u53d8\u8fc1\u4e4b\u8def\u300b\u7b2c43\u9875\uff08\u53f0\u6e7e\u5de8\u6d41\u56fe\u4e66\u516c\u53f8\uff0c2007\u5e74\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n [ii]<\/a>\u540c\u4e0a\u4e66 \u7b2c53\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n [iii]<\/a> \u53c2\u89c1\u4e0a\u4e6643-59\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n [iv]<\/a> \u8c0b\u6c42\u3001\u4fdd\u6301\u804c\u4f4d\u7684\u52a8\u673a\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u6743\u529b\u6240\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u63a8\u884c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u4e3b\u5f20\u3002\u53c2\u89c1Barbara Geddes\uff1aWhat do we know about democratization after 20 years<\/em> \uff08Annual Review of Political Science 2: 115-44.\uff0c1999\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n [v]<\/a>\u6839\u636eGeddes\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c1946\u5e74\u81f31998\u5e74\u5b58\u5728\u8fc7\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5a01\u6743\u653f\u5e9c\u4e2d\u95f4\uff0c\u519b\u4eba\u653f\u6743\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u5ef6\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4\u662f9\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2a\u4eba\u5316\u653f\u6743\u662f15\u5e74\uff0c\u4e00\u515a\u5236\u653f\u6743\u662f23\u5e74\u3002\u57281998\u5e74\u4f9d\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5a01\u6743\u653f\u5e9c\u4e2d\uff0c\u519b\u4eba\u653f\u6743\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u5ef6\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4\u662f7\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2a\u4eba\u5316\u653f\u6743\u662f19\u5e74\uff0c\u4e00\u515a\u5236\u653f\u6743\u662f35\u5e74\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n [vi]<\/a> \u6208\u5c14\u5df4\u4e54\u592b\u5f00\u59cb\u653f\u6cbb\u6539\u9769\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u53cd\u53db\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u5e76\u4e0d\u591a\u89c1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n [vii]<\/a>\u8f6c\u5f15\u81eaJene Sharp \uff1aThe Politics of Nonviolent Action (1973),p.753\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n [viii]<\/a>\u5728\u6211\u7edf\u8ba1\u768421\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u6848\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7a81\u53d1\u6027\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u53d6\u4ee3\u67099\u4e2a\u4e4b\u591a\u3002\u5e38\u5e8f\/\u5e38\u4efb\u8f6c\u578b\u5373\u5728\u653f\u5e9c\u76f8\u5bf9\u8fd8\u6709\u8f83\u5f3a\u63a7\u5236\u529b\u3001\u5e38\u5e74\u4efb\u804c\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u9009\u62e9\u5f00\u653e\u7684\uff0c\u67096\u4e2a\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u9664\u53f0\u6e7e\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u90fd\u662f\u519b\u4eba\u3002\u800c\u53f0\u6e7e\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u4ece\u6765\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u4e3b\u5f20\u8fc7\u6c38\u4e45\u6027\u7684\u4e00\u515a\u7edf\u6cbb\u3002\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5148\u751f\u7684\u201c\u519b\u653f\u3001\u8bad\u653f\u3001\u5baa\u653f\u201d\u8def\u7ebf\uff0c\u662f\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u4e00\u518d\u58f0\u79f0\u5949\u884c\u7684\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u8ba4\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e00\u515a\u72ec\u88c1\u662f\u8fc7\u6e21\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u4e0e\u519b\u4eba\u653f\u6743\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u201c\u519b\u653f\u3001\u8bad\u653f\u3001\u5baa\u653f\u201d\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5230\u53f0\u6e7e\u540e\uff0c\u5730\u65b9\u9009\u4e3e\u662f\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7ade\u4e89\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u653f\u6743\u5c5e\u4e8e\u201c\u7ade\u4e89\u6027\u5a01\u6743\u653f\u4f53\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n [ix]<\/a>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7bc7\u5c06\u6c11\u4e3b\u8f6c\u578b\u5206\u4e3a\u201c\u5e38\u5e8f\u6027\u8f6c\u578b\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u975e\u5e38\u5e8f\u6027\u8f6c\u578b\u201d\u4e24\u5927\u7c7b\u3002\u201c\u5e38\u5e8f\u6027\u8f6c\u578b\u201d\u662f\u5728\u653f\u5e9c\u6743\u529b\u79e9\u5e8f\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u6253\u4e71\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53d1\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u53cd\u4e4b\uff0c\u5219\u5c5e\u4e8e\u201c\u975e\u5e38\u5e8f\u6027\u8f6c\u578b\u201d\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u201c\u7a81\u53d1\u6027\u8f6c\u578b\u201d\u3002\u5e38\u5e8f\u6027\u8f6c\u578b\u53c8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u201c\u5e38\u4efb\u8005\u8f6c\u578b\u201d\u548c\u201c\u65b0\u4efb\u8005\u8f6c\u578b\u201d\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u7c7b\u3002\u975e\u5e38\u5e8f\u6027\u8f6c\u578b\u5219\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u201c\u5185\u90e8\u53d6\u4ee3\u201d\u3001\u201c\u5916\u90e8\u53d6\u4ee3\u201d\u3001\u201c\u4ea4\u53e0\u53d6\u4ee3\u201d3\u4e2a\u5b50\u7c7b\u3002\u5c31\u4e2d\u56fd\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u5230\u4e00\u515a\u5236\u6240\u5177\u6709\u7684\u97e7\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u5bb3\u6015\u4efb\u4f55\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5e38\u5e8f\u6027\u8f6c\u578b\u7684\u673a\u7387\u5c06\u4f1a\u76f8\u5f53\u4f4e\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u6392\u9664\u3002\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0d\u592a\u53ef\u80fd\u201c\u4e3b\u52a8\u6539\u9769\u201d\uff0c\u4e13\u5236\u653f\u6743\u5c06\u6700\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u4e3a\u5916\u90e8\u4e8b\u4ef6\u800c\u5012\u53f0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n [x]<\/a>\u674e\u9e4f\u300a\u5173\u952e\u65f6\u523b\u2014\u2014\u674e\u9e4f\u65e5\u8bb0\u300b\u5e8f\u8a00\uff08\u7f51\u7edc\u7248\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n [xi]<\/a> \u9999\u6e2f\u8457\u540d\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u8005\u4e01\u5b66\u826f\uff08X. L. Ding\uff09\u9996\u5148\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u8f6c\u578b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u201c\u4e24\u6816\u52a8\u7269\u201d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4ed6\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u5728\u4f53\u5236\u5185\u751f\u5b58\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u4f20\u64ad\u81ea\u7531\u5316\u601d\u60f3\u6216\u4ece\u4e8b\u5f02\u8bae\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5bfc\u81f41989\u5e74\u5b66\u751f\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u53c2\u89c1\uff1aX. L. Ding\uff1a\u201c Institutional Amphibiousness and the Transition from Communism: The Case of China \uff08 British Journal of Political Science,Vol. 24, No. 3 \uff0cJul., 1994, pp. 293-318\uff09\uff1bAlfred Stepan:\u201c<\/em>Democratic Opposition and Democratization Theory\u201d( Government and Opposition, 32: 657\u2013678,1997)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n [xii]<\/a> \u53c2\u89c1John Higley, Judith Kullberg<\/a> & Jan Pakulski<\/a>\uff1aThe Persistence of Postcommunist Elites \uff08Journal of Democracy<\/em> 7.2 (1996) 133-147 \uff09\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" 47\u3001\u4e00\u515a\u5236\u7684\u97e7\u6027 \u4e0a\u9762\u6211\u68b3\u7406\u4e8670\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\u4ee5\u6765\u768430\u4f59\u5e74\u4e2d\u9ad8\u5c42\u6d3e\u7cfb\u683c\u5c40\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u4e0e\u6f14\u53d8\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u653f\u6cbb\u6e29\u548c\u6d3e\u3001\u6539\u9769\u6d3e\u7684 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-202","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-17"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/chinademocrats.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/202","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/chinademocrats.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/chinademocrats.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chinademocrats.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chinademocrats.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=202"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/chinademocrats.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/202\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":203,"href":"https:\/\/chinademocrats.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/202\/revisions\/203"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/chinademocrats.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=202"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chinademocrats.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=202"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chinademocrats.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=202"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
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\u5ef6\u4f38\u9605\u8bfb\uff1a<\/strong>
\u9ece\u5b89\u53cb\uff08Andrew J. Nathan\uff09\u8457\u3001\u4f55\u5927\u660e\u8bd1\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u6cbb\u53d8\u8fc1\u4e4b\u8def\u300b,43-59\u9875(\u53f0\u6e7e\u5de8\u6d41\u56fe\u4e66\u516c\u53f8\uff0c2007\u5e74\uff09
X. L. Ding\uff1a\u201c Institutional Amphibiousness and the Transition from Communism: The Case of China \uff08 British Journal of Political Science,Vol. 24, No. 3 \uff0cJul., 1994, pp. 293-318\uff09
Barbara Geddes\uff1aWhat do we know about democratization after 20 years<\/strong> \uff08Annual Review of Political Science 2: 115-44.\uff0c1999\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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