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\u60b2\u5267\u548c\u8bd7\u6027\u5143\u7d20\u4e4b\u7f3a\u5931\u4ee5\u53ca\u7531\u6b64\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u6b63\u5f53\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u7406\u89e3\u80fd\u529b\u4ee5\u53ca\u5851\u9020\u751f\u6d3b\u4e4b\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u7f3a\u5931\uff0c\u6beb\u65e0\u7591\u95ee\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a”\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u66b4\u653f”\u9020\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u5c06\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u7075\u9b42\u7684\u6b64\u4e00\u672c\u8d28\u6027\u7f3a\u9677\u6eaf\u6e90\u4e8e\u4e00\u573a\u7531\u4eba\u95f4\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\u4e3b\u5bb0\u7684”\u5076\u7136\u4e8b\u4ef6”\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u6e29\u514b\u5c14\u66fc\u5bf9\u62c9\u5965\u5b54\u7fa4\u96d5\u7684”\u53d1\u73b0”\uff0c\u6e29\u514b\u5c14\u66fc\u4e5f\u6b63\u662f\u51ed\u501f\u6b64\u4e00\u5076\u7136”\u53d1\u73b0”\uff0c\u5728\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u7075\u9b42\u7684\u53f2\u8bd7\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u626e\u6f14\u4e86\u963f\u5580\u7409\u65af\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u672c\u80fd\u4e14\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u7231\u6b32\u4e8e\u65e0\u5f62\u4e2d\u63a8\u52a8\u7740\u6e29\u514b\u5c14\u66fc\u5bf9\u62c9\u5965\u5b54\u7fa4\u96d5\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c”\u9ad8\u8d35\u7684\u5355\u7eaf\uff0c\u9759\u7a46\u7684\u4f1f\u5927”\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6e29\u514b\u5c14\u66fc\u51ed\u501f\u6b64\u4e00”\u53d1\u73b0”\u800c\u786e\u7acb\u8d77\u7684\u5e0c\u814a\u827a\u672f\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u5178\u8303\u548c\u7406\u60f3\u6807\u5c3a\uff1b\u6beb\u65e0\u7591\u95ee\uff0c\u5bf9\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u6781\u5177\u6fc0\u53d1\u529b\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u9690\u55bb\uff0c\u4ee4\u4eba\u4e0d\u7531\u81ea\u4e3b\u5730\u8054\u60f3\u8d77\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u56fd\u610f\u8c61\u3002\u66f4\u786e\u5207\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5168\u7136\u8361\u6da4\u4e86\u4e00\u5207\u4eba\u95f4\u75db\u695a\u3001\u82e6\u96be\u3001\u6fc0\u60c5\u548c\u6b32\u671b\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u610f\u8c61\u3001\u4e00\u79cd\u65e0\u8bba\u83b1\u8f9b\u5982\u4f55\u7aed\u529b\u4e88\u4ee5\u7f13\u89e3\u4f46\u7ec8\u7a76\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u9759\u6001\u7684\u7075\u9b42\u573a\u666f\u3002\u963f\u5580\u7409\u65af\u7684\u5f3a\u70c8\u7231\u6b32\u63a8\u52a8\u53f2\u8bd7\u5411\u524d\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u50ac\u751f\u7684\u547d\u8fd0\u5e8f\u5217\u5728\u6b4c\u5fb7\u8eab\u4e0a\u81fb\u4e8e\u5dc5\u5cf0\uff1a”\u2026\u2026\u6b4c\u5fb7\u751f\u547d\u4e2d\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u4f1a\u906d\u9047\u5982\u6b64\u6c89\u91cd\u7684\u632b\u8d25\uff0c\u6070\u6070\u5c31\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4e00\u76f4\u90fd\u4e0d\u80af\u627f\u53d7\u5982\u4e0b\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff1a\u4e16\u754c\u4e43\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u800c\u751f\u6d3b\u4e43\u662f\u6781\u5177\u60b2\u5267\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u53ea\u6709\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u4e0d\u8fd9\u4e48\u770b\u3002\u6b4c\u5fb7\u76f8\u5f53\u76f4\u622a\u5730\u5426\u8ba4\u4e86\u60b2\u5267\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u4ed6\u5728\u5448\u73b0\u4ed6\u7f6e\u8eab\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u4e4b\u65f6\uff0c\u906d\u9047\u4e86\u5ba1\u7f8e\u5931\u8d25\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u8fd8\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u5728\u5728\u4e4e\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u6070\u6070\u5c31\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e8c\u5143\u7cbe\u795e\u683c\u5c40\u7684\u5178\u8303\u8868\u8fbe\u3002”
\n<\/span>\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u6e29\u514b\u5c14\u66fc\u4e00\u624b\u521b\u5efa\u7684”\u5e0c\u814a\u5bf9\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u7684\u66b4\u653f”\uff0c\u5176\u672c\u8d28\u8981\u4e49\u4fbf\u662f\u56e0\u54f2\u5b66\u4e0e\u751f\u6d3b\u4e4b\u5272\u88c2\u548c\u5bf9\u5cd9\u800c\u50ac\u751f\u7684\u4e8c\u5143\u7cbe\u795e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u7ed3\u6784\u4ece\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u74e6\u89e3\u4e86\u54f2\u4eba\u5bf9\u4e8e\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u60b2\u5267\u610f\u8bc6\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u4fbf\u4e5f\u65e0\u4ece\u6307\u671b\u54f2\u4eba\u4f1a\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u751f\u6d3b\u548c\u5386\u53f2\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u60b2\u5267\u5f0f\u7684\u4f53\u609f\u548c\u89c1\u89e3\uff1b\u5728\u6b64\uff0c\u672c\u4e66\u4f5c\u8005\u4e1d\u6beb\u4e0d\u541d\u7b14\u58a8\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b4c\u5fb7\u4e3a\u8303\u4f8b\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u5fc3\u7075\u5bf9\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\u6700\u4e3a\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u60b2\u5267\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u6846\u67b6\uff1a”\u6cd5\u56fd\u5927\u9769\u547d\u51fb\u788e\u4e86\u8fd9\u5ea7\u5962\u534e\u6e29\u5ba4\u7684\u7a97\u683c\uff0c\u8fd9\u573a\u53ef\u6015\u98ce\u66b4\uff0c\u9042\u4ee5\u6467\u67af\u62c9\u673d\u4e4b\u52bf\u95ef\u5165\u6e29\u5ba4\u5f53\u4e2d\u3002\u6b64\u7b49\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u6027\u906d\u96be\uff0c\u60df\u6709’\u60b2\u5267’\u4e00\u8bcd\u65b9\u80fd\u4e88\u4ee5\u63cf\u6479\u4e86\u2026\u2026\u3002\u6b4c\u5fb7\u7adf\u7136\u80fd\u591f\u5982\u6b64\u4e25\u5bc6\u5730\u94b3\u5236\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5929\u624d\uff0c\u4ece\u5934\u81f3\u5c3e\u90fd\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e48\u4e00\u573a\u5927\u9769\u547d\u89c6\u4e3a\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u9b54\u6027\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e4b\u5927\u52a0\u9119\u5937\uff0c\u65e2\u4e0d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u573a\u9769\u547d\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u89c9\u5f97\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u4f1f\u5927\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u8fd9\u5b9e\u5728\u662f\u76f8\u5f53\u6709\u610f\u601d\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u2026\u2026\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b4c\u5fb7\uff0c\u5df2\u7136\u5bf9\u60b2\u5267\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e86\u5c01\u7981\u3002”
\n<\/span>\u963f\u5580\u7409\u65af\u5f53\u7136\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5c0a\u91cd\u963f\u6ce2\u7f57\u7684\u96d5\u50cf\uff0c\u5947\u5999\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6e29\u514b\u5c14\u66fc\u4e5f\u5e76\u672a\u89c1\u8bc6\u8fc7\u62c9\u5965\u5b54\u7fa4\u96d5\u7684\u539f\u672c\uff0c\u672c\u4e66\u4f5c\u8005\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u8fd8\u4ee5\u6781\u4e3a\u7cbe\u7ec6\u7684\u8003\u8bc1\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u4e86\u6e29\u514b\u5c14\u66fc\u751a\u81f3\u8fde\u8fd9\u5ea7\u7fa4\u96d5\u7684\u590d\u672c\u90fd\u6ca1\u6562\u9762\u5bf9\u9762\u5730\u53bb”\u51dd\u89c6”\uff0c\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6e29\u514b\u5c14\u66fc\u5728\u5386\u7ecf\u56f0\u987f\u548c\u6323\u624e\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u9f13\u8d77\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u80c6\u91cf\u4eb2\u8eab\u524d\u5f80\u5e0c\u814a”\u770b\u4e00\u770b”\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u662f\uff1a\u8bf4\u771f\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0d\u6562\u3002\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u786e\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5374\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u4e00\u8a00\u4e0d\u53d1\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6839\u672c\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4efb\u4f55\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u5efa\u8bae\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u666e\u901a\u4eba\u4e5f\u5e76\u4e0d\u96be\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6d1e\u5bdf\u51fa\uff0c\u6c11\u4f17\uff0c\u5176\u884c\u4e3a\u5f53\u7136\u662f\u5efa\u57fa\u4e8e\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u6b63\u662f\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6c11\u4f17\u662f\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u8fbe\u6210\u4e00\u81f4\u5e76\u91c7\u53d6\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u8def\u7ebf\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u6070\u6070\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u81ea\u79f0\u5df2\u7ecf\u5145\u5206\u638c\u63e1\u4e86’\u77e5\u8bc6’\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u505a\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u2026\u2026\u3002”\uff08W.Jaeger,Paedia,Vol. II,trans.from the German Manuscript by Gilbert Highet, NewYork:Oxford University Press, 1981,p.268\uff09\u6beb\u65e0\u7591\u95ee\uff0c\u82cf\u683c\u62c9\u5e95\u5b66\u6d3e\u5f00\u542f\u7684”\u7167\u6599\u7075\u9b42”\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u6027\u8109\u7edc\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u6fc0\u53d1\u51fa\u6781\u4e3a\u5267\u70c8\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u6b63\u4e49\u611f\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u6b63\u4e49\u611f\u4e00\u65e6\u5728\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5386\u53f2\u5e38\u6001\u7684\u4e16\u4e8b\u6c89\u6d6e\u4e2d\u906d\u9047\u632b\u6298\uff0c\u4fbf\u4f1a\u7acb\u523b\u8981\u4e48\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u6781\u7aef\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u4e49\u6124\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u5c31\u5e7b\u5316\u4e3a\u540c\u6837\u6781\u7aef\u7684\u4f26\u7406\u6000\u7591\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

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\uff08T.Macaulay\uff0c”On the Ancient Orator”\uff0chttp:\/\/oll.libertyfund.org\/titles\/macaulay-critical-and-historical-essays-vol-3<\/a>\uff09\u5728\u300a\u56de\u987e\u4e0e\u53cd\u601d\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ffe\u65af\u9ea6\u529d\u544a\u6587\u5316\u60c5\u7eea\u52c3\u52c3\u65e5\u4e0a\u7684\u540c\u80de\u5b66\u4f1a\u4f9d\u4ece\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u653e\u5f03\u90a3\u79cd\u65e0\u53ef\u8a00\u8bf4\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6027\u4ec7\u6068\uff0c\u51b7\u9759\u5ba1\u89c6\u6cd5\u56fd\uff0c\u4ed6\u7279\u522b\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u771f\u8981\u56de\u987e\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u90a3\u4e0d\u59a8\u8ba4\u771f\u770b\u5f85\u4e00\u4e0b\u5361\u4f69\u738b\u671d\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u7684\u5f00\u521b\u8005\u4eec\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u4e5f\u662f\u540c\u6837\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u52a1\u5b9e\u5e76\u5c0a\u91cd\u4e8b\u5b9e\u7684\u4eba\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u4eba\u7684\u5fc3\u80f8\u5f00\u9614\u4e00\u4e9b\uff0c\u5c31\u66f4\u6709\u7406\u7531\u5c0a\u91cd\u5e76\u91cd\u89c6\u521b\u5efa\u666e\u9c81\u58eb\u7684\u970d\u4ea8\u7d22\u4f26\u738b\u671d\u3001\u7f14\u9020\u5965\u5730\u5229\u7684\u54c8\u5e03\u65af\u5821\u5792\u738b\u671d\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f00\u521b\u610f\u5927\u5229\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u52a0\u5bcc\u5c14\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u5f0f\u7684\u795e\u5b66\u5316\u3001\u9053\u5fb7\u5316\u7684\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u7a76\u7adf\u5f97\u5230\u4ec0\u4e48\u3001\u5931\u53bb\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u6b8a\u96be\u5b9a\u8bba\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u653f\u6cbb-\u5386\u53f2\u6807\u51c6\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u4eba\u7c7b\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u7406\u667a\u6807\u51c6\u5df2\u7136\u74e6\u89e3\u3002<\/span>\u7531\u6b64\uff0c\u54f2\u5b66\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u4e5f\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u91cd\u65b0\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff0c\u663e\u73b0\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u4e3a\u51b7\u6f20\u3001\u9759\u7a46\u3001\u4f46\u4e5f\u66f4\u5177\u5a01\u80c1\u6027\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u3002\u5728\u5965\u514b\u8096\u7279\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u54f2\u5b66\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u7406\u89e3\u529b\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u5883\u754c\uff0c\u5b83\u72ec\u5177\u6839\u672c\u6027\u5e76\u552f\u72ec\u54f2\u5b66\u624d\u5411”\u6574\u5168”\u6216\u8005”\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u95ee\u9898”\u4fdd\u6301\u5f00\u653e\u6001\u52bf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u54f2\u5b66\u4ece\u6027\u8d28\u4e0a\u5c31\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u540c\u5e38\u6001\u7684\u3001\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u54f2\u5b66\u662f\u4e00\u79cd”\u65e0\u9884\u8bbe\u7684\u3001\u65e0\u4fdd\u7559\u7684\u3001\u65e0\u7981\u5fcc\u7684\u548c\u65e0\u4fee\u9970\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c”\u3002\uff08Oakeshott: Experience and Its Modes, (Cambridge, 1933),\u7b2c2\u9875\uff09\u65bd\u7279\u52b3\u65af\u4ee5\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5199\u9053\uff1a”\u54f2\u5b66\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u79cd\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u5b83\u8bd5\u56fe\u6d88\u89e3\u793e\u4f1a\u8d56\u4ee5\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u8981\u7d20\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5b83\u5a01\u80c1\u5230\u793e\u4f1a\u3002”\uff08Leo Strauss: What is Political Philosophy? (Chicago, 1964),\u7b2c221\u9875\uff09\u5965\u514b\u8096\u7279\u5219\u5e72\u8106\u6307\u51fa\uff1a”\u54f2\u5b66\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u5347\u534e\uff0c\u5b83\u5012\u662f\u5bf9\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u5426\u5b9a\u2026\u2026\u4f01\u56fe\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u8fd9\u5f53\u4e2d\u6216\u8bb8\u6709\u7740\u67d0\u4e9b\u5815\u843d\u7684\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u9893\u5e9f\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u79cd\u4f01\u56fe\u9700\u8981\u6211\u4eec\u6682\u4e14\u5ba3\u5e03\u653e\u5f03\u4e00\u5207\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u79f0\u4f5c\u5584\u548c\u6076\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u73cd\u89c6\u6216\u8005\u88ab\u629b\u5f03\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002”\uff08Oakeshott: Experience and Its Modes, \u540c\u524d\uff0c\u7b2c355-6\u9875\uff09\u7531\u6b64\uff0c\u653f\u6cbb\u4fbf\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u6b21\u7b49\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u653f\u6cbb\u884c\u4e3a\u3001\u4e8b\u4ef6\u548c\u4eba\u7269\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f”\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u4f4e\u4fd7\u3001\u865a\u5e7b\u7684\u5fe0\u8bda\u3001\u6b3a\u8bc8\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3001\u865a\u5047\u7684\u610f\u4e49”\u3002\uff08Oakeshott: “The Claims of Politics”, Scrutiny, VIII, 1939-1940,\u7b2c148\u9875\uff09\u6beb\u65e0\u7591\u95ee\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\u8bba\u65ad\u4f1a\u8ba9\u7a46\u52d2\u5927\u60ca\u5931\u8272\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8bba\u8ff0\u4e2d\uff0c\u6c11\u4e3b\u53ca\u5176\u8fd0\u7528\u7684\u79cd\u79cd\u624b\u6bb5\u548c\u5236\u5ea6\u5f62\u6001\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u662f\u6700\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u662f\u6559\u80b2\u7fa4\u4f17\u8d70\u5411\u653f\u6cbb\u53c2\u4e0e\u4e43\u81f3\u653f\u6cbb\u6210\u719f\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u53ef\u884c\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u5f52\u6839\u7ed3\u8482\uff0c\u6c11\u4e3b\u5fc5\u5b9a\u662f\u6280\u672f\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8981\u505a\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u4ece\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u5207\u65ad\u6c11\u4e3b\u540c\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ee5\u53ca\u4eba\u7c7b\u7406\u6027\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u6b64\u79cd\u975e\u7406\u667a\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u72b6\u6001\u5c06\u6539\u9769\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\u6216\u8005\u8d4b\u6709\u6539\u9769\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u653f\u515a\u9886\u8896\u7f6e\u4e8e\u65e0\u6cd5\u91c7\u53d6\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u5883\u5730\uff0c\u5e76\u5f7b\u5e95\u9609\u5272\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u610f\u5fd7\u3002\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u653f\u6cbb\u6070\u6070\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u6b64\u4e00\u56f0\u5883\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u8303\u4f8b\u3002<\/span>19\u4e16\u7eaa\u665a\u671f\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u53f2\u5b66\u4e2d\u5d1b\u8d77\u7684\u90a3\u79cd\u6587\u660e\u8bc9\u6c42\u548c\u5f02\u4e4e\u5bfb\u5e38\u7684\u4f26\u7406\u8bc9\u6c42\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u4e5f\u786e\u5b9e\u662f\u5170\u666e\u96f7\u5e0c\u7279\u6240\u8c13\u7684”\u96c6\u4f53\u5fc3\u7406”\u5728\u6b64\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u51e0\u4e4e\u662f\u51fa\u81ea\u672c\u80fd\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5b83\u6240\u56de\u5e94\u7684\u662f\u9010\u6e10\u6210\u957f\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u8981\u6c42\u505c\u6b62\u6587\u5316\u548c\u6587\u660e\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u90a3\u79cd\u957f\u671f\u5bf9\u6297\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5fb7\u56fd\u89c2\u5ff5\u540c\u897f\u6b27\u89c2\u5ff5\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u957f\u671f\u5bf9\u6297\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u8868\u8fbe\u4e86\u878d\u5165\u6574\u4f53\u6027\u7684\u6b27\u6d32\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u613f\u671b\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u4e5f\u4e0d\u60f3\u5168\u7136\u653e\u5f03\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u7cbe\u795e\u8bc9\u6c42\uff0c\u81ea\u5c3c\u5e03\u5c14-\u5170\u514b\u4ee5\u6765\u4e00\u76f4\u906d\u53d7\u51b7\u9047\u7684\u6b4c\u5fb7\u3001\u5e2d\u52d2\u3001\u83b1\u8f9b\u548c\u6e29\u514b\u5c14\u66fc\u5728\u6b64\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u7a81\u7136\u590d\u5174\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u96c6\u4f53\u5fc3\u7406\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u6070\u5f53\u7406\u89e3\uff1b\u4f46\u5c31\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u53f2\u5b66\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ee5\u5c3c\u5e03\u5c14-\u5170\u514b\u6240\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u7684”\u4e2a\u4f53\u6027”\u65b9\u5411\u800c\u975e\u6b4c\u5fb7-\u5e2d\u52d2-\u83b1\u8f9b-\u6e29\u514b\u5c14\u66fc\u4f20\u7edf\u6240\u5c55\u73b0\u7684”\u89c2\u5ff5\u8bba”\u65b9\u5411\u5219\u662f\u5176\u5185\u5fc3\u6700\u6df1\u7684\u672c\u80fd\u548c\u5fe0\u8bda\u6240\u5728\u3002”\u6587\u5316\u89c2”\u53f2\u5b66\u5728\u6b64\u65f6\u7684\u5d1b\u8d77\u4fbf\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u53d1\u6325\u4e00\u79cd\u6865\u6881\u6027\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u6765\u514b\u670d\u6b64\u65f6\u8868\u73b0\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5c16\u9510\u7684”\u4e2a\u4f53\u6027”\u548c”\u666e\u904d\u6027”\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u3002\u8fc8\u5185\u514b\u5728\u300a\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u707e\u96be\u300b\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u6bb5\u53cd\u601d\u6027\u7684\u603b\u7ed3\u65e0\u610f\u4e2d\u9053\u51fa\u4e86\u6b64\u79cd”\u96c6\u4f53\u5fc3\u7406”\u7684\u7f18\u8d77\u548c\u6027\u8d28\uff1a”\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4efb\u4f55\u6fc0\u8fdb\u7684\u518d\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u591f\u518d\u5ea6\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5316\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u4e2d\u626e\u6f14\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u7eb3\u7cb9\u81ea\u5927\u72c2\u7684\u53cd\u6587\u5316\u548c\u5047\u6587\u5316\u624d\u5fc5\u987b\u5f7b\u5e95\u94f2\u9664\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7edd\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ee5\u4e00\u79cd\u7f3a\u4e4f\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u7a7a\u6d1e\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e3b\u4e49\u6765\u53d6\u4ee3\u5b83\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u7531\u5404\u79cd\u6700\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\u7684\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u7cbe\u795e\u6210\u5c31\u8054\u624b\u9020\u5c31\u7684\u3001\u5e76\u4e14\u80fd\u591f\u83b7\u5f97\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u53d1\u5c55\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u7cbe\u795e\u518d\u5ea6\u627e\u56de\u81ea\u6211\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4f9d\u7136\u9700\u8981\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u4e2d\u5b8c\u6210\u5b83\u4e0d\u53ef\u66ff\u4ee3\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u4f7f\u547d\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u671f\u5f85\u548c\u5e0c\u671b\u3002”\uff08F. Meinecke: The German Catastrophe, trans. by Sidney B. Fay (Cambridge, Mass., 1950)\uff0c\u7b2c1\u9875\uff09\u00a0<\/span>\u8fc8\u5185\u514b\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u56e0\u4e0d\u7518\u4e8e\u5931\u8d25\u5374\u53c8\u65e0\u5904\u5f97\u5230\u5f25\u8865\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u9003\u907f\u4e3b\u4e49\u5fc3\u6001\u4e0d\u7981\u4f7f\u4eba\u56de\u60f3\u8d77\u666e\u52d2\u65af\u7eb3\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\u5c31\u6b64\u79cd\u7cbe\u795e\u6240\u4f5c\u7684\u8bc4\u8bba\uff1a”\u2026\u2026\u975e\u4f46\u6ca1\u6709\u5c06\u5bf9\u7406\u60f3\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6267\u7740\u4e0e\u5bf9\u73b0\u5b9e\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u9e3f\u6c9f\u7f29\u5c0f\u2026\u2026\u53cd\u800c\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u6269\u5927\u4e24\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5206\u6b67”\u3002\uff08Helmut Plessner: The Limits of Community: A Critique of Social Radicallism (Amherst: Humanity Books, 1999), trans. by Andrew Wallace\uff0c\u7b2c57\u9875\uff09\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fc8\u5185\u514b\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e”\u7075\u9b42”\u3001”\u6df1\u5ea6”\u7684\u6587\u5316\u8bc9\u6c42\uff0c\u8fd9\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u8db3\u4ee5\u6784\u6210\u5bbd\u6055\u4e00\u5207\u9053\u5fb7\u7f3a\u5931\u7684\u7f8e\u5b66\u548c\u54f2\u5b66\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u300a\u7406\u60f3\u56fd\u300b\u4e2d\u8272\u62c9\u53d9\u9a6c\u970d\u65af\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4e49\u6b63\u4e49\u89c2\u7f6e\u4e8e\u5df2\u7ecf\u6a21\u7cca\u4e86\u7684\u9053\u5fb7-\u653f\u6cbb\u8d23\u4efb\u548c\u73b0\u5b9e\u547d\u6570\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u79cd\u529b\u91cf\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u6b63\u53ef\u7528\u6765\u5f25\u5408\u7406\u60f3\u548c\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u9e3f\u6c9f\u3002\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u0387\u66fc\u5728\u6218\u524d\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u6f14\u8bb2\u4e2d\u518d\u6b21\u786e\u8ba4\u4e86\u7406\u67e5\u5fb7\u0387\u74e6\u683c\u7eb3\u6240\u5851\u9020\u7684\u65e5\u8033\u66fc\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u4f18\u8d8a\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f18\u8d8a\u6027\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u5e76\u4e0d\u5728\u4e8e\u653f\u6cbb-\u5386\u53f2\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u57f9\u80b2\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4e8e\u67d0\u79cd\u7406\u60f3\u4e3b\u4e49\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u6587\u5316\u548c\u4e16\u754c\u89c2\u610f\u8bc6\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bc4\u8bba\u9053\uff1a\u65e5\u8033\u66fc\u7cbe\u795e”\u5df2\u7ecf\u5206\u5d29\u79bb\u6790\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u5f52\u4e8e\u74e6\u89e3\u2026\u2026\u4f46\u8fd9\u79cd\u7cbe\u795e\u4ecd\u7136\u5177\u6709\u88c5\u9970\u6027\u3001\u900f\u6790\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5177\u6709\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u77e5\u6027\u6c14\u8d28\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u5fc5\u7136\u4f1a\u5bf9\u4e16\u754c\u516c\u6c11\u4ea7\u751f\u65e0\u9650\u9b45\u529b\uff0c\u5e76\u56e0\u5176\u5929\u751f\u7684\u9ad8\u8d35\u8bc9\u6c42\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u4e16\u754c\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u548c\u6548\u529b\u3002”\uff08\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u0387\u66fc\uff1a”\u7406\u67e5\u5fb7\u0387\u74e6\u683c\u7eb3\u7684\u82e6\u96be\u4e0e\u4f1f\u5927”\uff0c\u89c1\uff1aPast Masters and Other 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\n\u4e00\u4e2a\u5219\u5f3a\u8981\u8131\u79bb\u5c18\u4e16\uff0c
\n\u98de\u5411\u5148\u4eba\u7684\u5d07\u9ad8\u7075\u5883\u3002”\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u6587\u7ae0\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u65b0\u4e16\u7eaa\u7f51\u7ad9<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
2024-05-27<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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