{"id":4551,"date":"2025-01-08T09:39:46","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T14:39:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chinademocrats.org\/?p=4551"},"modified":"2025-01-08T09:39:46","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T14:39:46","slug":"%e6%a0%87%e9%a2%98%e5%85%9a%e3%80%81%e8%b0%a3%e8%a8%80%e3%80%81%e7%88%86%e6%ac%be-%e5%bd%93%e7%9c%9f%e7%9b%b8%e8%a2%ab%e6%b7%b9%e6%b2%a1%ef%bc%8c%e6%88%91%e4%bb%ac%e8%af%a5%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chinademocrats.org\/?p=4551","title":{"rendered":"\u6807\u9898\u515a\u3001\u8c23\u8a00\u3001\u7206\u6b3e&#8230;&#8230;\u5f53\u771f\u76f8\u88ab\u6df9\u6ca1\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u4fdd\u6301\u6e05\u9192"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3 class=\"post-title entry-title\"><\/h3>\n<div id=\"post-body-6403117039882936450\" class=\"post-body entry-content\">\n<div class=\"separator\"><a 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Patrick 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Hume\uff09\u5c31\u8b66\u544a\u8bf4\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u201c\u662f\u201d\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u201c\u5e94\u8be5\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u4ece\u63cf\u8ff0\u6027\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u89c4\u8303\u6027\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4ece\u201c\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u201c\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u8fd9\u79cd\u63a8\u5bfc\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ec5\u4ec5\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u4e8b\u5b9e\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u4fbf\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8c2c\u8bef\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4f01\u56fe\u4ece\u201c\u5e94\u8be5\u201d\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u201c\u662f\u201d\u540c\u6837\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8c2c\u8bef\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e16\u754c\u548c\u5e73\u4e0e\u8131\u8102\u57f9\u6839\u90fd\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u90a3\u5f53\u7136\u597d\uff0c\u4f46\u5149\u9760\u8bb8\u613f\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b83\u4eec\u3002\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u662f\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u4e8b\u5b9e\u7684\u4e89\u8bba\u672c\u8eab\u56fa\u7136\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u4f46\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e89\u8bba\u4e3a\u4e2a\u4eba\u9009\u62e9\u548c\u516c\u5171\u653f\u7b56\u95ee\u9898\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u672c\u4e66\u8bd5\u56fe\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u4ee5\u53ca\u5e94\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u9762\u5bf9\u8eab\u8fb9\u6709\u5173\u4e8b\u5b9e\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u4e89\u8bae\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u89c1\u89e3\uff0c\u800c\u5173\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u6216\u653f\u5e9c\u5e94\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5219\u7559\u7ed9\u4ed6\u4eba\u3002<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<p><strong>\u5173\u4e8e\u8bc1\u636e\u7684\u6982\u5ff5<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8bf4\u4e8b\u5b9e\u5b58\u5728\u662f\u4e00\u56de\u4e8b\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e8b\u5b9e\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5219\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u56de\u4e8b\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u201c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u8f6c\u6362\u5230\u201c\u5398\u6e05\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e8b\u5b9e\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5373\u5224\u65ad\u54ea\u4e9b\u5173\u4e8e\u4e8b\u5b9e\u7684\u65ad\u8a00\u662f\u771f\u7684\uff0c\u54ea\u4e9b\u662f\u5047\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u8bc1\u636e\u7684\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u559c\u6b22\u8bf4\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u8bc1\u636e\u662f\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u76f8\u4fe1\u67d0\u4ef6\u4e8b\u4e3a\u771f\u6216\u4e3a\u5047\u7684\u7406\u7531\u6216\u8005\u51ed\u636e\u3002\u4e00\u9879\u9879\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u90fd\u662f\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u4e5f\u662f\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u5f97\u51fa\u5176\u4ed6\u4e8b\u5b9e\u5b58\u5728\u6216\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002\u67d0\u4eba\u7684\u76ae\u80a4\u548c\u773c\u767d\u53d1\u9ec4\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u662f\u6b64\u4eba\u60a3\u6709\u809d\u708e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4e8b\u5b9e\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u3002\u6211\u7684\u6c7d\u8f66\u53d1\u52a8\u673a\u53d1\u51fa\u4e52\u4e52\u4e53\u4e53\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u662f\u6cb9\u7bb1\u91cc\u6c7d\u6cb9\u7684\u8f9b\u70f7\u503c\u8fc7\u4f4e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e8b\u5b9e\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u3002\u82cf\u73ca\u88ab\u76d7\u6c7d\u8f66\u7684\u8f66\u95e8\u628a\u624b\u4e0a\u6709\u8d6b\u5c14\u66fc\u7684\u6307\u7eb9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u662f\u8d6b\u5c14\u66fc\u662f\u76d7\u8f66\u8d3c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e8b\u5b9e\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u3002\u5f7c\u65f6\u5df2\u88ab\u63d0\u540d\u7684\u73b0\u4efb\u7f8e\u56fd\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u5927\u6cd5\u5b98\u57c3\u7c73\u00b7\u79d1\u5c3c\u00b7\u5df4\u96f7\u7279\uff08Amy Coney Barrett\uff09\u51e0\u5e74\u524d\u66fe\u5728\u4e00\u4efd\u53cd\u5bf9\u5815\u80ce\u7684\u4f20\u5355\u4e0a\u7b7e\u5b57\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e8b\u5b9e\u662f\u5979\u5f53\u65f6\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\uff0c\u800c\u5979\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u662f\u5979\u76ee\u524d\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\uff0c\u76f8\u5e94\u5730\uff0c\u5979\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u662f\u5979\u76ee\u524d\u53ef\u80fd\u5982\u4f55\u4f5c\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u4e66\u53ea\u662f\u95f4\u63a5\u6d89\u53ca\u4ec0\u4e48\u6784\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ec0\u4e48\u6784\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u7684\u9648\u8ff0\u6216\u4e00\u4e2a\u5047\u7684\u9648\u8ff0\u3002\u800c\u672c\u4e66\u76f4\u63a5\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u77e5\u9053\u67d0\u4e2a\u9648\u8ff0\u6216\u7ed3\u8bba\u7684\u771f\u5047\u3002\u7528\u54f2\u5b66\u672f\u8bed\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u672c\u4e66\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u662f\u8ba4\u8bc6\u8bba\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\uff08\u6216\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u5b66\uff09\u3002\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u65e5\u5e38\u7528\u8bed\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u672c\u4e66\u4e0d\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d\u6216\u8005\u201c\u4e0d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u786e\u5b9a\u201c\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d\u6216\u8005\u201c\u4e0d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d\u3002\u5b83\u5173\u4e8e\u5728\u516c\u5171\u653f\u7b56\u3001\u516c\u5171\u534f\u5546\u548c\u4e2a\u4eba\u51b3\u7b56\u4e2d\u5bf9\u4e8b\u5b9e\u771f\u5047\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5bf9\u771f\u76f8\u7684\u9700\u6c42<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8bc1\u636e\u662f\u5224\u65ad\u771f\u5047\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u5728\u7b2c\u5341\u4e09\u7ae0\u91cc\u770b\u5230\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u201c\u52a8\u673a\u6027\u63a8\u7406\u201d\uff08motivated 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Hitler\uff09\u7559\u7740\u80e1\u5b50\u662f\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e8e1889\u5e744\u670820\u65e5\u51fa\u751f\u4e8e\u5965\u5730\u5229\u7684\u5e03\u52b3\u7459\u5e02\u4e5f\u662f\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002\u4ed6\u5f88\u90aa\u6076\u540c\u6837\u662f\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0e\u524d\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6027\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u7275\u6d89\u5230\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e5f\u6709\u4eba\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u201c\u89c2\u70b9\u201d\u3002\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u505a\u51fa\u3002\u81f3\u5c11\u5728\u6211\u4ea4\u5f80\u7684\u4eba\u4e2d\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u4f1a\u53cd\u5bf9\u5c06\u5e0c\u7279\u52d2\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u90aa\u6076\u7684\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8bc4\u4ef7\u5f80\u5f80\u5145\u6ee1\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u90a3\u4e48\u663e\u800c\u6613\u89c1\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u66f4\u9ebb\u70e6\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8bc4\u4ef7\u5f80\u5f80\u6697\u85cf\u5728\u770b\u4f3c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u6027\u7684\u9648\u8ff0\u4e2d\u3002\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u83f2\u8389\u5e15\u00b7\u5bcc\u7279\uff08Philippa Foot\uff09\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u88ab\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u4f2f\u7eb3\u5fb7\u00b7\u5a01\u5ec9\u65af\uff08Bernard Williams\uff09\u547d\u540d\u4e3a\u201c\u539a\u91cd\u7684\u4f26\u7406\u5b66\u6982\u5ff5\u201d\uff08thick ethical concept\uff09\u3002\u539a\u91cd\u7684\u4f26\u7406\u5b66\u6982\u5ff5\u6307\u5c06\u4e8b\u5b9e\u548c\u8bc4\u4ef7\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u201c\u7c97\u9c81\u201d\u548c\u201c\u6177\u6168\u201d\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u3001\u201c\u61e6\u592b\u201d\u548c\u201c\u82f1\u96c4\u201d\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u3001\u201c\u7c97\u5fc3\u5730\u201d\u548c\u201c\u7ec6\u5fc3\u5730\u201d\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u526f\u8bcd\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u201c\u5306\u5fd9\u201d\u548c\u201c\u95f2\u901b\u201d\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u201c\u6df1\u63cf\u201d\uff08thick 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