{"id":5483,"date":"2025-08-07T09:19:05","date_gmt":"2025-08-07T13:19:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chinademocrats.org\/?p=5483"},"modified":"2025-08-07T09:21:31","modified_gmt":"2025-08-07T13:21:31","slug":"%e9%83%ad%e5%ad%99%e4%bc%9f%ef%bd%9c%e6%9d%8e%e6%99%af%e5%9d%87%e5%85%88%e7%94%9f%e5%85%b6%e4%ba%ba%e5%85%b6%e4%b9%a6%e5%8f%8a%e5%85%b6%e7%b2%be%e7%a5%9e%ef%bc%9a%e4%b8%8d%e8%83%bd%e8%ae%b0%e4%bd%8f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chinademocrats.org\/?p=5483","title":{"rendered":"\u90ed\u5b59\u4f1f\uff5c\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u751f\u7269\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u5bb6\u674e\u666f\u5747\u5148\u751f\u5176\u4eba\u5176\u4e66\u53ca\u5176\u7cbe\u795e"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bb0\u4f4f\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u4eba\u6ce8\u5b9a\u8981\u91cd\u8e48\u8986\u8f99\u3002<\/p>\n

\u2014\u2014\u6851\u5854\u96c5\u90a3\uff08George Santayana\uff09<\/p>\n

\u6587\u7ae0\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u5317\u4eac\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b66\u9662<\/a><\/p>\n

\u4eca\u5e74\u662f\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u751f\u7269\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u5bb6\u674e\u666f\u5747\u5148\u751f\u8457\u4f5c\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u7248\u300a\u7fa4\u4f53\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u51fa\u724870\u5468\u5e74\u3002\u8be5\u4e66\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u73b0\u4ee3\u53f2\u4e0a\u8fc4\u4eca\u4e3a\u6b62\u6781\u5c11\u6570\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u51fa\u7248\u4f46\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u67d0\u4e2a\u79d1\u6280\u9886\u57df\u4ea7\u751f\u91cd\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u4e66\u3002\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u6210\u7acb\u540e\u51fa\u751f\u7684\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u90fd\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u674e\u666f\u5747\u662f\u8c01\u3002\u5728\u7f8e\u7559\u5b66\u7684\u5927\u9646\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u6240\u5b66\u4e13\u4e1a\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u6050\u6015\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4e5f\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u674e\u666f\u5747\u662f\u8c01\u3002\u800c\u57281950\u5e74\u7684\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u754c\uff0c\u6050\u6015\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\u674e\u666f\u5747\u3002\u674e\u666f\u5747\u5148\u751f\u7684\u79bb\u56fd\u51fa\u8d70\uff0c\u572850\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u751a\u81f3\u8fd8\u60ca\u52a8\u4e86\u4e2d\u592e\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u5c42\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b14\u8005\u548c\u674e\u666f\u5747\u5148\u751f\uff08\u5728\u7f8e\u4eba\u4eec\u90fd\u4eb2\u5207\u5730\u79f0\u5176\u4e3aCC\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7b80\u79f0\u4e3aCC\uff09\u7684\u76f8\u8bc6\u662f\u57281997\u5e74\u3002\u9488\u5bf9\u300a\u79d1\u5b66\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u4e0a\u4e00\u7bc7\u6709\u5173\u4e2d\u56fd\u57fa\u56e0\u5927\u6218\u7684\u62a5\u9053[1]\uff0c\u7b14\u8005\u572897\u5e749\u6708\u8d77\u8349\u4e86\u4e00\u5c01\u81f4\u300a\u79d1\u5b66\u300b\u7f16\u8f91\u90e8\u7684\u4fe1\uff0cemail\u7ed9\u4e00\u4f4d\u5bf9\u9057\u4f20\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b66\u9887\u6709\u9020\u8be3\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u90d1\u957f\u6c5f\uff08CJ\uff09\u535a\u58eb\u3002CJ\u5f53\u65f6\u6b63\u5728\u5339\u5179\u5821\u4f5c\u5b9e\u4e60\u533b\u5e08\u3002\u4ed6\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u5f88\u4ed4\u7ec6\u7684\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u5bf9\u4fe1\u4f5c\u4e86\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u5e76\u5efa\u8bae\u6211\u4eec\u8bf7CC\u4e00\u8d77\u7f72\u540d\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u9020\u5c31\u4e86\u7b14\u8005\u548cCC\u7684\u4e00\u6bb5\u7f18\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n

97\u5e74\u7684\u6765\u4fe1\u53d1\u8868\u4e4b\u540e[2]\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u897f\u65b9\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u5bb6\u5c31\u4e2d\u56fd\u300a\u6bcd\u5a74\u4fdd\u5065\u6cd5\u300b\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u6761\u6b3e\u4f3c\u6709\u5f3a\u5236\u6027\u7684\u4f18\u751f\u5b66\u4e4b\u5acc\u800c\u6b32\u62b5\u5236\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u53ec\u5f00\u7684\u7b2c18\u5c4a\u5168\u7403\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u5927\u4f1a\uff0c\u7b14\u8005\u3001CJ\u548cCC\u5c31\u6b64\u572898\u5e74\u5199\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bc4\u8bba[3]\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u572898\u5e74\u5728\u4e39\u4f5b\u53ec\u5f00\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u7c7b\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u5e74\u4f1a\u4e0a\uff0c\u7b14\u8005\u548cCC\u53ca\u5176\u592a\u592a\u89c1\u4e86\u9762\u3002\u540e\u6765\uff0c\u8001\u5148\u751f\u53c8\u7ed9\u7b14\u8005\u5bc4\u6765\u4e86\u520a\u767b\u5728\u300a\u708e\u9ec4\u6625\u79cb\u300b\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u62a5\u9053\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u5199\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6559\u79d1\u4e66\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u5c31\u5176\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e8b\u6709\u8fc7\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u7b14\u8005\u5bf9CC\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u5e76\u975e\u5c40\u9650\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6c9f\u901a\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4f20\u8bb0\u53ca\u8ba3\u544a\u7684\u8bfb\u8005\uff0c\u7b14\u8005\u4ee5\u524d\u4e5f\u8bfb\u8fc7\u65af\u76ae\u601d\uff08E. B. Spiess\uff09\u5199\u7684\u5173\u4e8eCC\u7684\u6781\u5bcc\u4f20\u5947\u8272\u5f69\u7684\u751f\u5e73\u4ecb\u7ecd[4]\u3002\u5728CC\u7684\u5904\u5973\u4f5c\u51fa\u724870\u5468\u5e74\u4e4b\u9645\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u65e8\u5728\u56de\u987e\u674e\u5148\u751f\u90a3\u6781\u5bcc\u4f20\u5947\u8272\u5f69\u7684\u4eba\u751f\uff0c\u7f05\u6000\u674e\u5148\u751f\u9057\u7559\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4e30\u5bcc\u7cbe\u795e\u9057\u4ea7\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u674e\u5148\u751f\u79bb\u56fd\u51fa\u8d70\u7684\u6559\u8bad\u53ca\u5176\u73b0\u5b9e\u610f\u4e49\u4f5c\u4e00\u53cd\u601d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00 \u5bcc\u6709\u4f20\u5947\u8272\u5f69\u7684\u4eba\u751f<\/strong><\/p>\n

CC\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u6781\u5bcc\u4f20\u5947\u8272\u5f69\u3002CC\u4e8e1912\u5e7410\u670827\u65e5\u751f\u4e8e\u5929\u6d25\u5927\u6cbd\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u505a\u6850\u6cb9\u751f\u610f\u7684\u5bcc\u5546\u4e4b\u5bb6\u3002\u5176\u7236\u66fe\u5728\u82f1\u56fd\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u529e\u7684\u5b66\u6821\u5ff5\u4e66\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u7688\u4f9d\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u3002\u4ed6\u6709\u56db\u4e2a\u513f\u5b50\uff0cCC\u662f\u5176\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u513f\u5b50\u3002CC 13\u5c81\u65f6\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e86\u4e5f\u662f\u82f1\u56fd\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u529e\u7684\u5929\u6d25\u82f1\u4e2d\u5b66\u9662\uff08\u4e00\u6240\u9ad8\u4e2d\uff09\u30021932\u81f31936\u5e74\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u529e\u7684\u5357\u4eac\u91d1\u9675\u5927\u5b66\uff08\u519c\u5b66\u9662\uff09\u5ff5\u4e66\uff0c1937\u5e74\u8d74\u7f8e\u56fd\u5eb7\u4e43\u5c14\u5927\u5b66\u519c\u5b66\u9662\u5b66\u4e60\u690d\u7269\u80b2\u79cd\u53ca\u9057\u4f20\uff0c1940\u5e74\u83b7\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u3002\u7559\u7f8e\u671f\u95f4\uff0cCC\u00a0\u9605\u8bfb\u4e86\u8457\u540d\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u5bb6\u675c\u5e03\u8a79\u65af\u57fa\uff08Theodosius Dobzhansky\uff09\u7684\u300a\u9057\u4f20\u53ca\u7269\u79cd\u8d77\u6e90\u300b\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u63a5\u89e6\u5230\u4e86\u7fa4\u4f53\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u4ee5\u53ca\u8d56\u7279\uff08S. Wright\uff09\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u6b64\u6df1\u611f\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u4ee5\u6b64\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u62ff\u5230\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u540e\uff0cCC\u53bb\u8d56\u7279\u6240\u5728\u7684\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u5927\u5b66\u4e0a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u590f\u5b63\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u548c\u6982\u7387\u8bba\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u8d56\u7279\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u4e0b\u53bb\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u53ca\u5317\u5361\u7f57\u6765\u7eb3\u5927\u5b66\u8fdb\u4fee\u6570\u5b66\u548c\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u3002CC\u5728\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e86\u540e\u6765\u6210\u4e3a\u5176\u59bb\u5b50\u7684\u7f8e\u7c4d\u534e\u4eba\u514b\u62c9\u62c9\uff08Clara Lem\uff09\u30021941\u5e749\u6708\uff0cCC\u4e0e\u514b\u62c9\u62c9\u5b8c\u5a5a\uff0c\u5e76\u643a\u65b0\u5a5a\u59bb\u5b50\u5728\u5723\u5730\u4e9a\u54e5\u767b\u4e0a\u4e00\u8258\u51c6\u5907\u5f00\u5f80\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u8377\u5170\u90ae\u8f6e\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u871c\u6708\u4e4b\u65c5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u574e\u5777\u7684\u56de\u56fd\u4e4b\u65c5<\/strong><\/p>\n

1941\u5e74\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u6b63\u5728\u65e5\u5bc7\u7684\u94c1\u8e44\u4e0b\u906d\u53d7\u8e42\u8e8f\uff0cCC\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u5bf9\u6b64\u65e0\u7591\u975e\u5e38\u6e05\u695a\u3002\u800c\u643a\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u51fa\u751f\u957f\u5927\u7684\u59bb\u5b50\u56de\u56fd\uff0c\u663e\u7136\u662f\u51c6\u5907\u56de\u56fd\u65bd\u5c55\u624d\u534e\uff0c\u62a5\u6548\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u8258\u539f\u672c\u4e09\u5468\u5230\u8fbe\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u90ae\u8f6e\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u8981\u907f\u514d\u906d\u53d7\u5728\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u6c34\u4e0b\u6e38\u5f0b\u7684\u65e5\u519b\u6f5c\u8247\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u800c\u591a\u6b21\u6539\u53d8\u822a\u5411\uff0c\u8f97\u8f6c\u5728\u722a\u54c7\u5c9b\u8865\u5145\u7ed9\u517b\u4e4b\u540e\u53c8\u5411\u4e0a\u6d77\u5f00\u53bb\u3002\u672a\u5230\u4e0a\u6d77\uff0c\u5c31\u88ab\u8f6c\u5230\u4e00\u8258\u82f1\u56fd\u8239\u4e0a\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u8258\u82f1\u56fd\u8239\u5728\u5f00\u5f80\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u9014\u4e2d\u542c\u8bf4\u4e0a\u6d77\u6ee1\u8857\u90fd\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u519b\u4eba\uff0c\u62c5\u5fc3\u8239\u53ea\u88ab\u65e5\u519b\u6263\u7559\uff0c\u5c31\u8f6c\u800c\u5f80\u9999\u6e2f\u5f00\u53bb\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u8f97\u8f6c51\u5929\u540e\u572812\u67086\u65e5\u62b5\u8fbe\u4e5d\u9f99\u300212\u67088\u65e5\uff0cCC\u00a0\u548c\u59bb\u5b50\u7528\u5b8c\u65e9\u9910\u540e\u542c\u89c1\u4e86\u67aa\u58f0\uff0c\u5e76\u60ca\u8bb6\u5730\u53d1\u73b0\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5546\u5e97\u90fd\u5173\u95e8\u5927\u5409\u2014\u2014\u539f\u6765\u5f53\u5929\u65e5\u672c\u5077\u88ad\u4e86\u73cd\u73e0\u6e2f\uff08\u9999\u6e2f\u548c\u590f\u5a01\u5937\u6709\u4e00\u5929\u7684\u65f6\u5dee\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u51e0\u4e4e\u540c\u65f6\u8fdb\u653b\u9999\u6e2f\u3002\u9a7b\u6e2f\u82f1\u519b\u8282\u8282\u8d25\u9000\u3002\u7ed3\u679cCC\u548c\u514b\u62c9\u62c9\u88ab\u56f0\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u8fd1\u4e24\u4e2a\u6708\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4ed6\u53ea\u5e26\u4e86\u65c5\u884c\u652f\u7968\u800c\u65e0\u4eba\u613f\u610f\u5151\u73b0\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e24\u4eba\u8eab\u65e0\u5206\u6587\uff0c\u5341\u5206\u7a98\u8feb\uff0c\u5929\u5929\u5904\u4e8e\u6781\u5ea6\u9965\u997f\u4e4b\u4e2d\u300257\u5e74\u540e\uff0cCC\u56de\u5fc6\u8d77\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u56f0\u5883\u65f6\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5904\u4e8e\u6781\u5ea6\u9965\u997f\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u80fd\u505a\u4efb\u4f55\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u4f60\u4e0d\u80fd\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u4e00\u5177\u884c\u5c38\u8d70\u8089\u3002\u201d[5]<\/p>\n

\u5c31\u5728\u8fd9\u65f6\uff0c\u547d\u8fd0\u5973\u795e\u7737\u987e\u4e86CC\u3002\u4ed6\u9047\u89c1\u4e86\u5728\u5eb7\u5948\u5c14\u5ff5\u4e66\u65f6\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u3002\u670b\u53cb\u7ed9\u4e86\u4ed6500\u5143\u6e2f\u5e01\u53ca\u4e00\u4e9b\u5927\u7c73\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\uff0cCC\u53c8\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u9999\u6e2f\u5730\u4e0b\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9CC\u592b\u5987\u5f92\u6b65\u7ed5\u8fc7\u65e5\u519b\uff0c\u8dcb\u5c71\u6d89\u6c34\uff0c\u5343\u8f9b\u4e07\u82e6\u5230\u8fbe\u5e7f\u4e1c\u60e0\u9633\uff0c\u518d\u4ece\u60e0\u9633\u518d\u4e58\u8239\u5750\u8f66\u62b5\u8fbeCC\u4e00\u4e2a\u54e5\u54e5\u6240\u5728\u7684\u6842\u6797\u3002\u4ece\u4e5d\u9f99\u5230\u6842\u6797\uff0c\u82b1\u4e86\u6574\u657438\u5929\u3002<\/p>\n

1942\u5e746\u6708\uff0cCC\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b69\u5b50Jeff\u51fa\u751f\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u51fa\u751f\u540e\u6ca1\u51e0\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u514b\u62c9\u62c9\u5c31\u62b1\u7740\u5a74\u513f\u4e3a\u8eb2\u907f\u65e5\u519b\u7684\u7a7a\u88ad\u800c\u8eb2\u8fdb\u4e86\u5c71\u6d1e\u3002\u5f53\u65f6CC\u7684\u7236\u4eb2\u5728\u91cd\u5e86\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6218\u65f6\u4ea4\u901a\u4e0d\u4fbf\uff0cCC\u5c31\u5728\u5e7f\u897f\u67f3\u5dde\u90ca\u5916\u6c99\u5858\u7684\u5e7f\u897f\u5927\u5b66\u519c\u5b66\u9662\u4efb\u804c\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0cCC\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e86\u4e24\u4f4d\u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u53ca\u4e16\u754c\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u90fd\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u540c\u9053\uff1a\u5218\u7956\u6d1e\u548c\u5f90\u9053\u89c9\u3002\u5218\u7956\u6d1e\u5148\u751f\u540e\u6765\u53bb\u7f8e\u56fd\u5bc6\u6b47\u6839\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u4e60\u52a8\u7269\u5b66\uff0c1952\u5e74\u53d6\u5f97\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u540e\u7fcc\u5e74\u56de\u56fd\uff0c\u5728\u590d\u65e6\u4efb\u804c\uff0c\u4e13\u957f\u4eba\u7c7b\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u548c\u533b\u5b66\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u3002\u5218\u7956\u6d1e\u6559\u6388\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u300a\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u300b\u6559\u6750\u662f\u56fd\u5185\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u6559\u6750\u53d1\u884c\u91cf\u6700\u5927\u3001\u5f71\u54cd\u6700\u5e7f\u7684\u6559\u79d1\u4e66\u3002\u5218\u5148\u751f\u57281956\u5e74\u9752\u5c9b\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\u65d7\u5e1c\u9c9c\u660e\uff0c\u601d\u8def\u6e05\u6670\uff0c\u8a00\u8f9e\u7280\u5229\uff0c\u4ee4\u4eba\u5370\u8c61\u6df1\u523b\u3002\u82e5\u4e0d\u662f\u5386\u573a\u653f\u6cbb\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u803d\u8bef\uff0c\u5218\u5148\u751f\u5fc5\u6709\u9a84\u4eba\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u8d21\u732e\u3002\u5218\u7956\u6d1e\u5148\u751f\u4e8e1998\u5e74\u8f9e\u4e16\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f90\u9053\u89c9\u5148\u751f\u90a3\u65f6\u4e0eCC\u5f88\u719f\u3002\u5f90\u201c\u597d\u5b66\u4e0d\u5026\u3002\u4ed6\u5168\u8eab\u4e0a\u4e0b\u81f3\u5c11\u67098\u4e2a\u53e3\u888b\uff0c\u4e0a\u8eab\u67094\u4e2a\uff0c\u88e4\u5b50\u53c8\u67094\u4e2a\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u53e3\u888b\u90fd\u88c5\u6709\u6606\u866b\u6216\u5176\u98df\u7269\uff08\u5728\u73bb\u7483\u74f6\u5b50\u91cc\uff09\u3002\u201dCC\u79f0\u5176\u4e3a\u201c\u4f1a\u8d70\u8def\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u201d\u3002CC\u5f53\u65f6\u65ad\u8a00\uff1a\u5f90\u5c06\u6765\u5fc5\u6210\u5927\u5668\u3002\u679c\u7136\uff0c\u5f90\u57281951\u5e74\u7f8e\u56fd\u5f97\u514b\u8428\u65af\u5927\u5b66\u83b7\u535a\u58eb\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u535a\u58eb\u540e\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u521b\u9020\u6027\u5730\u628a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u57f9\u517b\u6280\u672f\u548c\u4f4e\u6e17\u5904\u7406\u7528\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\uff0c\u4e3a\u521b\u5efa\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u95e8\u65b0\u5206\u652f\u2014\u2014\u7ec6\u80de\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u4e0d\u53ef\u4f30\u91cf\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4ee4\u4eba\u627c\u8155\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5f53\u65f6\u4eba\u4f53\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u6570\u76ee\u88ab\u9519\u8bef\u5730\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f48\uff0c\u4e14\u5f90\u5148\u751f\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u6280\u672f\u4e3a\u89c2\u6d4b\u4eba\u4f53\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6709\u529b\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u8fd8\u662f\u4e0e\u6539\u6b63\u4eba\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u6570\u76ee\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u5931\u4e4b\u4ea4\u81c2\u3002\u4ee4\u4eba\u6b23\u6170\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u6b64\u540e\u53c8\u4f5c\u51fa\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u51fa\u7c7b\u62d4\u8403\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u6770\u51fa\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e8e1973\u5e74\u5f53\u9009\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ec6\u80de\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u4f1a\u4e3b\u5e2d\uff0c2003\u5e74\u6545\u4e16\u3002<\/p>\n

1943\u5e74\u590f\uff0cCC\u60f3\u53bb\u91cd\u5e86\u770b\u671b\u5176\u7236\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u53bb\u6210\u90fd\u8d74\u8fc1\u81f3\u6210\u90fd\u7684\u6bcd\u6821\u5357\u4eac\u91d1\u9675\u5927\u5b66\u4efb\u6559\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u53bb\u91cd\u5e86\u7684\u8def\u4e0a\uff0cCC\u7684\u5c0f\u5b69\u60a3\u75e2\u75be\uff0c\u7ed3\u679cCC\u4e00\u5bb6\u8d76\u7d27\u5750\u706b\u8f66\u56de\u67f3\u5dde\u770b\u533b\u751f\u3002\u4e0d\u5e78\u7684\u662f\uff0cJeff\u5728\u706b\u8f66\u4e0a\u6b7b\u5728CC\u7684\u6000\u62b1\u4e2d\u3002Jeff\u4e0d\u5e78\u592d\u6298\uff0cCC\u592b\u5987\u4fe9\u7684\u60b2\u75db\u53ef\u60f3\u800c\u77e5\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\uff0cCC\u57281948\u5e74\u53ca1955\u5e74\u518d\u7248\u7684\u300a\u7fa4\u4f53\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u7684\u6249\u9875\u4e0a\u90fd\u5199\u660e\uff0c\u4e66\u662f\u7eaa\u5ff5Jeff\u7684[6].<\/p>\n

\u5317\u5e73\uff1a\u77ed\u6682\u7684\u871c\u6708<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6297\u65e5\u6218\u4e89\u80dc\u5229\u540e\u76841946\u5e74\uff0cCC\u4e00\u5bb6\u968f\u6821\u4e3e\u5bb6\u8fc1\u5f80\u5357\u4eac\u3002\u540c\u5e74\uff0c\u5176\u91d1\u9675\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u5bfc\u5e08\u51fa\u4efb\u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u519c\u5b66\u9662\u9662\u957f\uff0c\u4ed6\u9080\u8bf7CC\u51fa\u4efb\u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u519c\u5b66\u9662\u519c\u5b66\u7cfb\u4e3b\u4efb\u517c\u519c\u4e1a\u8bd5\u9a8c\u573a\u573a\u957f\uff0cCC\u6b23\u7136\u524d\u5f80\u3002\u6b64\u65f6CC\u624d34\u5c81\uff0c\u4e3a\u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u5f53\u65f6\u6700\u5e74\u8f7b\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u7cfb\u4e3b\u4efb\u3002<\/p>\n

1948\u5e74\uff0cCC\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u7248\u300a\u7fa4\u4f53\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u7531\u5317\u5927\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u51fa\u7248\u3002\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u662fCC\u57281946\u5e74\u81f31948\u5e74\u64b0\u5199\u7684\u3002\u8be5\u4e66\u7684\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u7528CC\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8bdd\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u662f\u201c\u4e00\u534a\u6765\u81ea\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8111\u5b50\uff0c\u4e00\u534a\u57fa\u4e8e\u5728\u6210\u90fd\u65f6\u6284\u5199\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u201d\u3002\u8be5\u4e66\u51fa\u7248\u540e\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5e74\uff0cCC\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5f1f\u5f1f\u81ea\u8d39\u7ffb\u5370\u4e86500\u672c\uff0c\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u51fa\u7248\u3002<\/p>\n

1949\u5e749\u6708\uff0c\u5317\u5927\u3001\u6e05\u534e\u3001\u534e\u5317\u5927\u5b66\u4e09\u6821\u7684\u519c\u5b66\u9662\u5408\u5e76\uff0c\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u5317\u4eac\u519c\u4e1a\u5927\u5b66\u3002\u5728\u6821\u52a1\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4efb\u4e50\u5929\u5b87\uff08\u884c\u6821\u957f\u804c\uff0c\u517c\u515a\u603b\u652f\u4e66\u8bb0\uff09\u4e3b\u6301\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b66\u6821\u6548\u6cd5\u82cf\u8054\u674e\u68ee\u79d11948\u5e74\u201c\u6d88\u706d\u201d\u6469\u5c14\u6839\u5b66\u6d3e\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u505c\u6b62CC\u4e3b\u8bb2\u7684\u300a\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u300b\u3001\u300a\u7530\u95f4\u8bbe\u8ba1\u300b\u548c\u300a\u751f\u7269\u7edf\u8ba1\u300b\u4e09\u95e8\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06CC\u7684\u300a\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u300b\u6362\u6210\u674e\u68ee\u79d1\u5b66\u6d3e\u7684\u201c\u65b0\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u201d\u3002\u4e50\u5929\u5b87\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u662f\u201c\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u201d\u3001\u201c\u4e3a\u9a6c\u5c14\u8428\u65af\u4eba\u53e3\u8bba\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u201d\u3001\u201c\u552f\u5fc3\u7684\u201d\u3001\u201c\u53cd\u52a8\u7684\u201d\u3001\u201c\u4f2a\u79d1\u5b66\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u5076\u7136\u6027\u662f\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u654c\u4eba\uff01\u201d\u00a0CC\u4ece\u6b64\u65e0\u8bfe\u53ef\u4e0a\uff0c\u88ab\u667e\u5728\u4e86\u4e00\u8fb9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4e50\u5929\u5b87\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u6821\u52a1\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4efb\u800c\u65e0\u4efb\u4f55\u884c\u653f\u5934\u8854\uff0c\u4f46\u51ed\u501f\u5176\u8001\u9769\u547d\u7684\u8d44\u5386\u53ca\u6267\u653f\u515a\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u4e50\u5929\u5b87\u7684\u8bdd\u8fdc\u8f83\u5f53\u65f6\u5317\u4eac\u519c\u4e1a\u5927\u5b66\u6821\u957f\u7684\u8bdd\u6709\u5206\u91cf\u3002\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0cCC\u95f4\u63a5\u5730\u63a5\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u8981\u4ed6\u8f9e\u53bb\u7cfb\u4e3b\u4efb\u7684\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u4ed6\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5929\u5c31\u8f9e\u53bb\u4e86\u7cfb\u4e3b\u4efb\u7684\u804c\u52a1\u3002\u4e50\u5929\u5b87\u53ca\u5176\u968f\u4ece\u66fe\u8bd5\u56fe\u5728CC\u00a0\u624b\u4e0b\u62db\u52df\u4e00\u4e9b\u80fd\u6279\u5224CC\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4f46\u5747\u672a\u6210\u529f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u968f\u7740\u5bf9\u6469\u5c14\u6839\u5b66\u6d3e\u7684\u8bcb\u6bc1\u653b\u51fb\u751a\u56a3\u5c18\u4e0a\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u6279\u5224\u6253\u51fb\u4e5f\u9010\u6e10\u589e\u591a\u3002\u4ee4\u4eba\u55b7\u996d\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u674e\u68ee\u79d1\u7684\u8ffd\u968f\u8005\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u6469\u5c14\u6839\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4f4d\u53eb\u201cMelanogaste\u535a\u58eb\u201d\u7684\u201c\u53cd\u52a8\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u5bb6\u201d\uff01(\u4f5c\u8005\u6ce8: Melanogaste\u4e3a\u9ed1\u8179\u679c\u8747\u7684\u5b66\u540d).<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u65f6\u5bf9CC\u00a0\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u8d23\u662f\uff0cCC\u662f\u5728\u53cd\u52a8\u6559\u80b2\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0b\u57f9\u517b\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4ece\u672a\u63a5\u89e6\u8fc7\u201c\u8fdb\u6b65\u201d\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u61c2\u674e\u68ee\u79d1\u5b66\u6d3e\u7684\u65b0\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u8bc1\u660e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6307\u8d23\u662f\u6beb\u65e0\u6839\u636e\u7684\uff0c\u4ece1949\u5e747\u6708\u5f00\u59cb\uff0cCC\u4e0e\u9648\u5ef6\u7199\u526f\u6559\u6388\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u628a\u674e\u68ee\u79d1\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4f5c\u300a\u9057\u4f20\u53ca\u5176\u53d8\u5f02\u300b\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u675c\u5e03\u8a79\u65af\u57fa\u7684\u82f1\u8bd1\u672c\u7ffb\u6210\u4e2d\u6587\u51fa\u7248\u3002\u4e0e\u9648\u5ef6\u7199\u526f\u6559\u6388\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u56e0\u4e3aCC\u4e0e\u9648\u4ea4\u60c5\u8f83\u6df1\uff0c\u4e14\u9648\u7684\u4e2d\u6587\u66f4\u4e3a\u6d41\u7545\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u4e5f\u56e0\u4e3a\u9648\u4e0e\u5b98\u65b9\u5173\u7cfb\u826f\u597d\uff0c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5b8c\u540e\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u66f4\u5927\u4e00\u4e9b\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e50\u6c0f\u5728\u5f97\u77e5CC\u00a0\u5728\u7ffb\u8bd1\u674e\u68ee\u79d1\u7684\u4e66\u65f6\u5c31\u6781\u529b\u963b\u6270\uff0c\u5e76\u6563\u5e03\u8c23\u8a00\u8bf4\uff0cCC\u7684\u8bd1\u672c\u662f\u6839\u636e\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u53cd\u9769\u547d\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u5bb6\u201d\uff08\u6307\u675c\u5e03\u8a79\u65af\u57fa\uff09\u7684\u82f1\u8bd1\u672c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u6b6a\u66f2\u674e\u68ee\u79d1\u7684\u5b66\u8bf4\u3002\u5e78\u8fd0\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7ecf\u80e1\u4e54\u6728\u5ba1\u9605\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u672c\u8bd1\u8457\u5f88\u5feb\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\uff0c\u4e14\u51fa\u7248\u540e\u4ec5\u51e0\u5468\u5c31\u552e\u51fa\u4e86\u51e0\u5343\u672c\u4e4b\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n

CC\u4e3a\u8be5\u8bd1\u8457\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u610f\u5473\u6df1\u957f\u7684\u300a\u8bd1\u5e8f\u300b\u3002\u4ed6\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u519c\u5b66\u535a\u58eb\u3001\u5217\u5b81\u5168\u82cf\u8054\u519c\u4e1a\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u9662\u957f\u674e\u68ee\u79d1\u9662\u58eb\u7684\u8f70\u52a8\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u9057\u4f20\u7406\u8bba\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u662f\u5927\u5bb6\u6025\u4e8e\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u3002\u672c\u4e66\u4fbf\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u4e00\u672c\u57fa\u672c\u8457\u8ff0\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u91cc\uff0c\u8bda\u5982\u9f50\u95e8\u4e43\u592b\u6240\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u9610\u53d1\u4e86\u7c73\u4e18\u6797\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u201d\u201c\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u7406\u8bba\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u5fc5\u5f97\u4ed4\u7ec6\u7814\u8bfb\u4f53\u4f1a\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u4e86\u89e3\u5176\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u771f\u8c1b\u3002\u201d\u6574\u4e2a\u5e8f\u8a00\u4e0d\u5931\u5ba2\u89c2\u5c0a\u91cd\uff0c\u4ea6\u65e0\u5a07\u6789\u505a\u4f5c\u7c89\u9970\u732e\u5a9a\u4e4b\u5acc\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u672c\u51fa\u7248\u4e8e1950\u5e741\u6708\u7684\u8bd1\u8457\u548c\u8fd9\u7bc7\u300a\u8bd1\u5e8f\u300b\uff0c\u5145\u5206\u8868\u660eCC\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7c73\u4e18\u6797\u5b66\u8bf4\u53ca\u674e\u68ee\u79d1\u5b66\u6d3e\u5e76\u975e\u4ed6\u4eba\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u90a3\u6837\u662f\u4e00\u7a8d\u4e0d\u901a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u968f\u7740\u300a\u9057\u4f20\u53ca\u5176\u53d8\u5f02\u300b\u8bd1\u8457\u7684\u51fa\u7248\uff0cCC\u5bf9\u7c73\u4e18\u6797\u5b66\u8bf4\u53ca\u674e\u68ee\u79d1\u5b66\u6d3e\u4e00\u7a8d\u4e0d\u901a\u7684\u8c0e\u8a00\u4e0d\u653b\u81ea\u7834\u3002\u4e50\u5929\u5b87\u4e4b\u6d41\u5c31\u53c8\u6362\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u4f0e\u4fe9\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u53c8\u6563\u5e03\u8c23\u8a00\u8bf4\uff0cCC\u00a0\u66fe\u9a82\u82cf\u8054\u4e3a\u201c\u8d64\u8272\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u3002\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u5b98\u65b9\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u662f\u5411\u82cf\u8054\u201c\u4e00\u8fb9\u5012\u201d\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u6279\u8bc4\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u8a00\u8bba\u90fd\u53ef\u89c6\u4e3a\u95f4\u63a5\u6279\u8bc4\u65b0\u751f\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5bf9\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u79f0\u547c\u4e0d\u557b\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u53cd\u515a\u53cd\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u53ef\u7f6e\u4eba\u4e8e\u6b7b\u5730\u7684\u8a00\u8bba\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4eba\u8bf4\uff0c\u674e\u666f\u5747\u7684\u592a\u592a\u662f\u7f8e\u7c4d\u534e\u4eba\uff0c\u597d\u51e0\u6b21\u53bb\u7f8e\u56fd\u5927\u4f7f\u9986\uff08\u5f53\u65f6\u5c1a\u672a\u64a4\u8d70\uff09\uff0c\u201c\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u4ed6\u4eec\u641e\u4ec0\u4e48\u9b3c\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8c23\u8a00\u548c\u8a00\u8bba\uff0c\u65e0\u975e\u662f\u60f3\u628aCC\u63cf\u7ed8\u6210\u4eb2\u7f8e\u53cd\u82cf\u7684\u201c\u53cd\u52a8\u5206\u5b50\u201d\u3002\u5176\u65e0\u4e2d\u751f\u6709\uff0c\u6307\u9e7f\u4e3a\u9a6c\u7684\u4f0e\u4fe9\uff0c\u4ee4\u4eba\u627c\u8155\u3002<\/p>\n

\u79bb\u56fd\u51fa\u8d70<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u6210\u7acb\u524d\u5915\uff0cCC\u66fe\u4e8e1949\u5e741\u6708\u5411\u5317\u4eac\u5e02\u9996\u4efb\u5e02\u957f\u53f6\u5251\u82f1\u8868\u8fbe\u4e86\u8981\u4e3a\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u6559\u4e8b\u4e1a\u8d21\u732e\u529b\u91cf\u7684\u70ed\u5ff1\u5fc3\u613f\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u4e50\u6c0f\u7b49\u4eba\u65e5\u76ca\u53d8\u672c\u52a0\u5389\u7684\u8feb\u5bb3\u4e0b\uff0cCC\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u201c\u628a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7eaf\u5b66\u672f\u95ee\u9898\u6263\u4e0a\u653f\u6cbb\u5e3d\u5b50\uff0c\u53d8\u6210\u4eba\u8eab\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u8bec\u8511\u4e3a\u654c\u4eba\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5bb9\u5fcd\u201d\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u201c\u5373\u4f7f\u6709\u6781\u5927\u7684\u8010\u5fc3\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u540c\u4e8b\u4eec\u548c\u6211\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u628a\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u4ece\u706d\u4ea1\u4e2d\u62ef\u6551\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5fc5\u987b\u58f0\u660e\u5fe0\u4e8e\u674e\u68ee\u79d1\u5b66\u8bf4\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u53ea\u6709\u79bb\u5f00\u3002\u201d\u4ed6\u611f\u89c9\u81ea\u5df1\u201c\u4e00\u8154\u70ed\u60c5\uff0c\u62a5\u56fd\u65e0\u95e8\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u6240\u5b66\u65e0\u7528\uff0c\u903c\u4e0a\u6881\u5c71\u201d\u3002\u659f\u914c\u518d\u4e09\uff0cCC\u51b3\u5b9a\u79bb\u56fd\u51fa\u8d70\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u79bb\u56fd\u51fa\u8d70\u6781\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u53db\u56fd\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u98ce\u9669\u6781\u5927\u30021950\u5e742\u6708\u5bd2\u5047\uff0cCC\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u6bcd\u4eb2\u75c5\u91cd\u3002CC\u8ba4\u4e3a\u65f6\u673a\u5df2\u5230\uff0c\u9042\u5c06\u51e0\u4e2a\u6708\u91cc\u601d\u8003\u518d\u4e09\u7684\u51fa\u8d70\u8ba1\u5212\u5411\u514b\u62c9\u62c9\u548c\u76d8\u6258\u51fa\u3002\u4e3a\u51cf\u5c11\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u592b\u5987\u4fe9\u51b3\u5b9a\u5c06\u51fa\u8d70\u4e4b\u4e8b\u505a\u5f97\u9690\u853d\u4e00\u4e9b\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u628a\u5bb6\u91cc\u7684\u7c73\u7f38\u52a0\u6ee1\u4e86\u7c73\uff0c\u4f7f\u4eba\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u51c6\u5907\u56de\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n

1950\u5e743\u6708\u521d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u665a\u4e0a\uff0cCC\u592b\u5987\u4e00\u76f4\u6ca1\u6709\u5165\u7761\u3002\u5348\u591c\u4e4b\u540e\uff0cCC\u6084\u6084\u6572\u54cd\u4e86\u90bb\u5c45\u6797\u4f20\u5149\u6559\u6388\u7684\u95e8\u3002\u6797\u6559\u6388\u5f00\u95e8\u4e00\u770b\uff0cCC\u6b63\u795e\u60c5\u6cae\u4e27\u5730\u7ad9\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u3002\u7a0d\u540e\u624d\u660e\u767d\u8fd9\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6700\u540e\u7684\u544a\u522b\uff0cCC\u5373\u5c06\u6308\u5987\u643a\u96cf\u8fdc\u6e21\u91cd\u6d0b\u3002\u6797\u6559\u6388\u4e00\u65f6\u76ee\u77aa\u53e3\u5446\uff0c\u7adf\u4e0d\u77e5\u8bf4\u4ec0\u4e48\u597d\u3002\u7b49\u5230CC\u544a\u8f9e\u56de\u53bb\u4e86\uff0c\u6797\u6559\u6388\u8fd9\u624d\u5b8c\u5168\u9192\u609f\u8fc7\u6765\uff0c\u8d76\u5fd9\u7a7f\u597d\u8863\u670d\uff0c\u8d76\u5230CC\u5bb6\uff0c\u529d\u544aCC\u4e07\u4e07\u4e0d\u53ef\u51fa\u6b64\u4e0b\u7b56\u3002\u5426\u5219\u4e07\u4e00\u88ab\u6355\uff0c\u90a3\u65f6\u5c31\u540e\u6094\u83ab\u53ca\u4e86\u3002\u4f46CC\u53bb\u610f\u5df2\u51b3\uff0c\u4e0d\u613f\u81e3\u670d\u4e8e\u4e50\u5929\u5b87\u800c\u82df\u4e14\u5077\u751f\u3002\u4e0d\u8bba\u6797\u6559\u6388\u5982\u4f55\u6073\u6c42\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6539\u521d\u8877\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5929\u4e00\u65e9\uff0cCC\u4e00\u5bb6\u7531\u5317\u4eac\u519c\u4e1a\u5927\u5b66\u5bbf\u820d\u53bb\u524d\u95e8\u706b\u8f66\u7ad9\u3002\u4e34\u8d70\u4e4b\u524d\uff0cCC\u7279\u610f\u7ed9\u6821\u59d4\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4efb\u4e50\u5929\u5b87\u548c\u526f\u4e3b\u4efb\u4fde\u5927\u7ec2\u7559\u4e0b\u4e00\u5c01\u4fe1\uff0c\u4fe1\u4e2d\u79f0\u201c\u8eab\u4f53\u6b20\u4f73\uff0c\u8bf7\u5047\u6570\u6708\uff0c\u8bf7\u52ff\u53d1\u85aa\u201d\u3002\u5230\u8fbe\u706b\u8f66\u7ad9\u65f6\uff0c\u4fde\u5927\u7ec2\u7387\u9648\u5ef6\u7199\u3001\u738b\u7115\u5982\u3001\u9648\u9053\u7b49\u526f\u6559\u6388\u5192\u7740\u6625\u5bd2\u9001\u884c\uff0c\u201c\u6325\u6cea\u62dc\u522b\u201d\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1CC\u00a0\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u65e6\u5176\u6bcd\u75c5\u597d\u51fa\u9662\u5c31\u56de\u6765\uff0c\u4f46\u5927\u5bb6\u5fc3\u91cc\u90fd\u6709\u4e9b\u6570\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u88c5\u7740\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u3002\u5f7c\u6b64\u63e1\u624b\u9053\u522b\uff0c\u5171\u4e8b\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u597d\u53cb\u4ece\u6b64\u6c38\u9694\u5929\u6daf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u5446\u4e86\u4e24\u5929\u540e\uff0cCC\u4e00\u5bb6\u5750\u706b\u8f66\u53bb\u5e7f\u5dde\u30021950\u5e743\u670812\u65e5\uff0cCC\u00a0\u6000\u91cc\u62b1\u77404\u5c81\u7684\u5973\u513f\u548c\u514b\u62c9\u62c9\u8d70\u8fc7\u4e86\u901a\u5f80\u9999\u6e2f\u7684\u7f57\u6e56\u6865\u3002\u5728\u6865\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u7aef\uff0cCC\u7684\u4e8c\u54e5\u6b63\u7b49\u7740\u4ed6\u4eec\u3002\u4ed6\u5c06CC\u4e00\u5bb6\u5b89\u7f6e\u5728\u4ed6\u81ea\u5bb6\u5728\u4e5d\u9f99\u7684\u516c\u5bd3\u91cc\uff0cCC\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u4f4f\u4e8614\u4e2a\u6708\u3002<\/p>\n

CC\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f1a\u6bc5\u7136\u51b3\u7136\u3001\u4e49\u65e0\u53cd\u987e\u5730\u629b\u5f03\u6240\u6709\u5bb6\u4ea7\u800c\u79bb\u5f00\u4e2d\u56fd\u5462\uff1f\u987b\u77e5\u90a3\u662f\u57281950\u5e74\uff0c\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u521a\u521a\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u4e09\u53cd\u4e94\u53cd\uff0c\u53cd\u53f3\u8fdc\u8fdc\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5f00\u59cb\u3002\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u7531\u4e8e\u5b66\u672f\u89c1\u89e3\u4e0d\u540c\u800c\u53d7\u5230\u8feb\u5bb3\u5728\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fd8\u662f\u95fb\u6240\u672a\u95fb\u7684\u4e8b\u3002\u9664\u975e\u4e07\u4e0d\u5f97\u5df2\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u4e0d\u4f1a\u503e\u5bb6\u8361\u4ea7\u79bb\u5bb6\u51fa\u8d70\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6240\u6709\u5173\u4e8eCC\u7684\u4f20\u8bb0\/\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\u5bf9\u6b64\u5927\u591a\u8bed\u7109\u4e0d\u8be6\uff0c\u800cCC\u672c\u4eba\u57281998\u5e74\u5339\u5179\u5821\u5927\u5b66\u6821\u520a\u8bb0\u8005\u6240\u4f5c\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u8c08\u8bbf\u4e2d\u4e5f\u4ec5\u4ec5\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u4f3c\u662f\u800c\u975e\u6a21\u68f1\u4e24\u53ef\uff08double-talk\uff09\u3002\u5bf9\u5f20\u4e09\uff0c\u4f60\u8bf4\u8fd9\uff0c\u5bf9\u674e\u56db\uff0c\u4f60\u8bf4\u90a3\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u8981\u5bf9\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u8bf4\u518d\u89c1\u201d[5].<\/p>\n

\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728\u5f53\u5c40\u5f97\u77e5CC\u79bb\u6caa\u51e0\u5929\u4e4b\u540e\uff0cCC\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u7684\u5bb6\u91cc\u5c31\u6765\u4e86\u51e0\u4f4d\u4e0d\u901f\u4e4b\u5ba2\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c06\u5bb6\u91cc\u641c\u67e5\u4e86\u4e00\u904d\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u6ca1\u641c\u51fa\u4efb\u4f55\u53ef\u7591\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u6d3e\u4eba\u5728CC\u5bb6\u9a7b\u5b88\u4e86\u51e0\u5929\u3002<\/p>\n

\u503e\u5bb6\u8361\u4ea7\u3001\u6bc5\u7136\u51b3\u7136\u5730\u79bb\u5bb6\u51fa\u8d70\u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u601d\u8bae\uff0cCC\u4e3a\u4f55\u5728\u51fa\u8d70\u4e4b\u524d\u53c8\u8981\u65bd\u653e\u70df\u5e55\u5f39\u6765\u9ebb\u75f9\u8ff7\u60d1\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u5462\uff1f\u6216\u8bb8CC\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e50\u5929\u5b87\u4e4b\u6d41\u80fd\u7528\u9020\u8c23\u8bec\u8511\u7684\u5351\u9119\u624b\u6bb5\u6765\u8feb\u5bb3CC\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u51fa\u8d70\u53ef\u80fd\u7ed9\u4e50\u6c0f\u7b49\u4eba\u6388\u4ee5\u5b9e\u636e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u7528\u66f4\u5351\u52a3\u9669\u6076\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\u6765\u52a0\u5bb3\u4e8e\u4ed6\u3002\u800c\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u4e8b\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u74e6\u7ef4\u8bfa\u592b\uff08Nikolay Ivanovich Vavilov, 1887\uff0d1943\uff09\u8eab\u4e0a\u3002\u57fa\u4e8eCC\u5bf9\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u4ed6\u5bf9\u74e6\u7ef4\u8bfa\u592b\u7684\u60b2\u60e8\u547d\u8fd0\u5e94\u5f53\u8bf4\u662f\u6709\u6240\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u74e6\u7ef4\u8bfa\u592b<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u5c06\u8d70\u5411\u711a\u5c38\u7089<\/p>\n

\u90fd\u5c06\u711a\u70e7<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u7edd\u4e0d\u4f1a<\/p>\n

\u4ece\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\u540e\u9000<\/p>\n

\u2014\u2014\u74e6\u7ef4\u8bfa\u592b<\/p>\n

\u74e6\u7ef4\u8bfa\u592b\u751f\u4e8e1887\u5e74\u30021913\u81f31914\u5e74\u5e08\u4ece\u4e8e\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\u8d1d\u7279\u68ee\uff08William Bateson\uff09\u3002\u4ece1924\u5e74\u76f4\u81f31940\u5e74\u88ab\u6355\u5165\u72f1\uff0c\u74e6\u7ef4\u8bfa\u592b\u4e00\u76f4\u62c5\u4efb\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5217\u5b81\u683c\u52d2\u7684\u5168\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u519c\u4e1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u9662\u957f\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u5176\u79cd\u690d\u690d\u7269\u8d77\u6e90\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5728\u5217\u5b81\u683c\u52d2\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u690d\u7269\u79cd\u5b50\u5e93\u3002\u8be5\u79cd\u5b50\u5e93\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u5217\u5b81\u683c\u52d2\u88ab\u5fb7\u519b\u56f4\u56f0\u8fbe28\u4e2a\u6708\u4e4b\u4e45\u800c\u9965\u8709\u4e1b\u751f\u65f6\u8fd8\u88ab\u5b8c\u6574\u5730\u4fdd\u5b58\u7740\u2014\u2014\u4ed6\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a9\u624b\u662f\u5728\u6536\u85cf\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u53ef\u98df\u690d\u7269\u79cd\u5b50\u7684\u79cd\u5b50\u5e93\u5185\u997f\u6b7b\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u66fe\u662f\u82cf\u8054\u4e2d\u592e\u6267\u884c\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u5168\u82cf\u5730\u7406\u5b66\u4f1a\u4f1a\u957f\uff0c1926\u5e74\u83b7\u5217\u5b81\u5956\u91d1\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u53cd\u5bf9\u674e\u68ee\u79d1\u7684\u975e\u5b5f\u5fb7\u5c14\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e8e1940\u5e74\u88ab\u6355\u5165\u72f1\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u88ab\u6307\u63a7\u4e3a\u82f1\u56fd\u95f4\u8c0d\u3001\u53f3\u6d3e\u9634\u8c0b\u3001\u4e0e\u767d\u4fc4\u6709\u67d3\u3001\u7834\u574f\u82cf\u8054\u519c\u4e1a\u7b49\u7f6a\u884c\u5224\u5904\u6b7b\u5211\u3002\u4f46\u636e\u4f20\uff0c\u5176\u88ab\u6355\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u8bd5\u56fe\u8d8a\u5883\u2014\u2014\u4ed6\u662f\u5728\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u7684\u897f\u90e8\u8fb9\u5883\u5730\u533a\u88ab\u6355\u7684\u3002\u6216\u8bb8\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u5bfc\u5e08\u7684\u6c42\u60c5\uff0c\u6291\u6216\u662f\u79d8\u5bc6\u8b66\u5bdf\u5934\u5b50\u8d1d\u5229\u4e9a\u7684\u59bb\u5b50\uff08\u74e6\u6c0f\u7684\u5e08\u59b9\uff09\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u88ab\u6539\u5224\u4e3a10\u5e74\u6709\u671f\u5f92\u5211\u3002\u5728\u72f1\u4e2d\u8fd8\u4f5c\u4e86\u4e00\u767e\u591a\u5c0f\u65f6\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u6f14\u8bb2\u30021943\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u56e0\u8425\u517b\u4e0d\u826f\u6b7b\u4e8e\u72f1\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0eCC\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u74e6\u7ef4\u8bfa\u592b\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u63a5\u53d7\u8fc7\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u56de\u56fd\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4f46\u5373\u4fbf\u5c45\u5168\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u519c\u4e1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u6240\u957f\u3001\u82cf\u8054\u4e2d\u592e\u6267\u884c\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u6210\u5458\u53ca\u5217\u5b81\u5956\u91d1\u83b7\u5f97\u8005\u4e4b\u5c0a\uff0c\u4ed6\u6700\u7ec8\u4e5f\u96be\u9003\u72f1\u4e2d\u997f\u9b3c\u4e00\u52ab\u3002\u800c\u4ed6CC\u00a0\u4f5c\u4e3a\u533a\u533a\u7cfb\u4e3b\u4efb\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u88ab\u6307\u63a7\u4e3a\u53db\u56fd\uff0c\u5176\u547d\u8fd0\u5fc5\u7136\u591a\u821b\u3002\u6216\u8bb8\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662fCC\u51fa\u8d70\u4e4b\u524d\u65bd\u653e\u70df\u5e55\u5f39\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u4e4b\u4e00\uff1f<\/p>\n

37\u5e74\u540e\uff0cCC\u5728\u74e6\u7ef4\u8bfa\u592b\u8bde\u8fb0100\u5468\u5e74\u4e4b\u9645\uff0c\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u7eaa\u5ff5\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u300a\u9057\u4f20\u6742\u5fd7\u300b\uff08The Journal of Heredity\uff09\u4e0a[7].\u00a0\u5728\u540c\u671f\u671f\u520a\u91cc\uff0cCC\u8fd8\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u4e66\u8bc4[8]\uff0c\u8bc4\u8bba\u4e86\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\u540d\u4e3a\u201c\u674e\u68ee\u79d1\u4e3b\u4e49\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u201d\u4f46\u5176\u5b9e\u662f1956\u5e74\u9752\u5c9b\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u4f1a\u8bae\u7eaa\u8981\u7684\u82f1\u8bd1\u672c\u53ca\u6ce8\u91ca\u7684\u4e66\u3002\u4ee4\u4eba\u56de\u5473\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u7bc7\u7eaa\u5ff5\u74e6\u7ef4\u8bfa\u592b\u7684\u77ed\u6587\u63d0\u5230\u4e86\u6709\u5173\u74e6\u7ef4\u8bfa\u592b\u88ab\u6355\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u7684\u4f20\u8a00\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u867d\u77ed\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u7136\u611f\u89c9\u5230CC\u5bf9\u74e6\u7ef4\u8bfa\u592b\u5728\u4e8b\u4e1a\u5dc5\u5cf0\u4e4b\u65f6\u9512\u94db\u5165\u72f1\u3001\u6700\u7ec8\u6210\u56da\u4e2d\u997f\u9b3c\u7684\u60b2\u60e8\u547d\u8fd0\u7684\u60cb\u60dc\u3002<\/p>\n

\u81ea\u53e4\u82f1\u96c4\u60dc\u82f1\u96c4\u3002\u5728\u550f\u5618\u74e6\u7ef4\u8bfa\u592b\u60b2\u60e8\u547d\u8fd0\u4e4b\u4f59\uff0c\u5bf9\u6bd4\u74e6\u6c0f\uff0cCC\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e1d\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u9003\u8fc7\u4e00\u5927\u52ab\u7684\u5e86\u5e78\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u5f97\u800c\u77e5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u7684\u9017\u7559<\/strong><\/p>\n

CC\u62b5\u6e2f\u4e0d\u4e45\u5c31\u63a5\u5230\u4e86\u56fd\u7acb\u53f0\u6e7e\u5927\u5b66\u6821\u957f\u7684\u6559\u6388\u8058\u4e66\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u4ed6\u53bb\u53f0\u5927\u4efb\u6559\u3002\u968f\u8058\u4e66\u8fd8\u9644\u6709\u6821\u957f\u7684\u4fe1\uff0c\u8a00\u660eCC\u5230\u53f0\u5927\u540e\u5018\u82e5\u89c9\u5f97\u4e0d\u5408\u610f\uff0c\u6821\u65b9\u5c06\u968f\u65f6\u63d0\u4f9b\u65b9\u4fbf\u5e2e\u52a9\u4ed6\u53bb\u7f8e\u56fd\u3002\u4f46CC\u5a49\u8a00\u8c22\u7edd\u4e86\u53f0\u5927\u7684\u9080\u8bf7\u3002<\/p>\n

CC\u5230\u9999\u6e2f\u540e\u5199\u4fe1\u7ed9\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u670b\u53cb\uff0c\u544a\u77e5\u6469\u5c14\u6839\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u9646\u7684\u56f0\u5883\uff0c\u5e76\u6c42\u52a9\u8c0b\u804c\uff0c\u201c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u4f60\u719f\u77e5\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u5927\u5b66\u6216\u7814\u7a76\u673a\u6784\u4efb\u804c\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u4e50\u4e8e\u4e3a\u5176\u6548\u52b3\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4f4d\u670b\u53cb\u5c06\u4fe1\u8f6c\u7ed9\u4e86\u300a\u9057\u4f20\u6742\u5fd7\u300b\uff08\u7a46\u52d2\u5f53\u65f6\u4e3a\u8be5\u671f\u520a\u7684\u7f16\u59d4\u4e4b\u4e00\uff09\uff0c\u8be5\u671f\u520a\u57281950\u5e746\u6708\u520a\u767b\u4e86\u8fd9\u5c01\u4fe1\uff08\u663e\u7136\u662f\u5f81\u5f97CC\u540c\u610f\u4e4b\u540e\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u51a0\u4ee5\u201c\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u6b7b\u4ea1\u201d\u7684\u6807\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

CC\u7684\u8fd9\u5c01\u4fe1\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u8457\u540d\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u5f97\u4e3b\u7a46\u52d2\uff08Hermann J. Muller, 1890\uff0d1967\uff09\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u3002\u7a46\u52d2\u5229\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u53ca\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5b89\u6392\u514b\u6d1b\uff08James Crow\uff09\u5bf9CC\u7684\u4e66\uff08\u5f53\u65f6\u5df2\u7531CC\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5f1f\u5f1f\u5728\u7f8e\u81ea\u8d39\u7ffb\u5370\u51fa\u7248\uff09\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u4e66\u8bc4\uff0c\u5728\u300a\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u7c7b\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u53d1\u8868\u3002\u6070\u5de7\u8fd9\u65f6\u7f8e\u56fd\u524d\u4efb\u536b\u751f\u90e8\u957f\u6d3e\u4f26\uff08Thomas Parran\uff09\u535a\u58eb\u521a\u521a\u8d70\u9a6c\u4e0a\u4efb\u5339\u5179\u5821\u5927\u5b66\u65b0\u7ec4\u5efa\u7684\u516c\u5171\u536b\u751f\u7814\u7a76\u9662\uff0c\u6b32\u8058\u4e00\u4f4d\u4eba\u7c7b\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u9042\u5199\u4fe1\u7ed9\u7a46\u52d2\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u3002\u7a46\u52d2\u968f\u5373\u63a8\u8350\u4e86CC\uff0c\u5e76\u89e3\u91ca\u8bf4CC\u73b0\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\uff0c\u6765\u5339\u5179\u5821\u5927\u5b66\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e9b\u65f6\u65e5\u3002\u8003\u8651\u5230\u63a8\u8350\u4eba\u662f\u4f4d\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u5f97\u4e3b\uff0c\u6d3e\u4f26\u8868\u793a\u613f\u610f\u7b49\u5f85\u3002\u968f\u540e\u5339\u5179\u5821\u5927\u5b66\u516c\u5171\u536b\u751f\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u751f\u7269\u7edf\u8ba1\u7cfb\u7684\u7cfb\u4e3b\u4efb\u5199\u4fe1\u7ed9CC\uff0c\u8058CC\u4e3a\u751f\u7269\u7edf\u8ba1\u521d\u7ea7\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u7684CC\u65e2\u65e0\u4efb\u4f55\u62a4\u7167\uff0c\u4e5f\u65e0\u4efb\u4f55\u53ef\u8bc1\u660e\u5176\u56fd\u7c4d\u7684\u8bc1\u4ef6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u7f8e\u9886\u9986\u7684\u7b7e\u8bc1\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u4f1a\u63f4\u52a9\u6d77\u5916\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u5bb6\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u3001\u7f8e\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u81ea\u7531\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u53ca\u56fd\u9645\u63f4\u6551\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7684\u4e00\u5458\uff0c\u7a46\u52d2\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5176\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e9b\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u53ca\u7f8e\u56fd\u9a7b\u9999\u6e2f\u603b\u9886\u9986\u7684\u5b98\u5458\u5c31CC\u7684\u7b7e\u8bc1\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\u7a46\u52d2\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u5728\u9a7b\u9999\u6e2f\u603b\u9886\u9986\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u4ed6\u7ed9\u603b\u9886\u9986\u5b98\u5458\u5199\u4e86\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e00\u5c01\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4fe1\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u7f8e\u56fd\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u666e\u904d\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u674e\u535a\u58eb\u6240\u8457\u7684\u300a\u7fa4\u4f53\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u662f\u4e00\u90e8\u6700\u597d\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u8457\u4f5c\u3002\u8be5\u4e66\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u57f9\u517b\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u91cd\u8981\u800c\u96be\u61c2\u7684\u9886\u57df\u91cc\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5e74\u9752\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u674e\u867d\u5e74\u8f7b\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u754c\u7684\u9886\u519b\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u4e14\u80fd\u9762\u5bf9\u6781\u4e3a\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u5728\u5176\u6240\u4ece\u4e8b\u7684\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u7ee7\u7eed\u6559\u5b66\u8457\u4f5c\u7684\u52c7\u6c14\u3002\u6211\u77e5\u9053\u4ed6\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u4e00\u4f4d\u62d2\u7edd\u5728\u538b\u529b\u4e0b\u653e\u5f03\u81ea\u5df1\u539f\u5219\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5341\u5206\u671f\u671b\u80fd\u63f4\u6551\u4ed6\uff0c\u4ee5\u671f\u5f70\u663e\u6211\u4eec\u897f\u65b9\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5bf9\u575a\u6301\u79d1\u5b66\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u539f\u5219\u53ca\u5411\u6781\u6743\u653f\u5e9c\u6311\u6218\u7684\u82f1\u52c7\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u8d5e\u8d4f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7a46\u52d2\u8fd8\u4e3aCC\u4e00\u5bb6\u9012\u4ea4\u4e86\u7ecf\u6d4e\u62c5\u4fdd\u4e66\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5230\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6ca1\u6709\u201c\u8eab\u4efd\u8bc1\u660e\u201d\uff0c\u7b7e\u8bc1\u8fd8\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u53d1\u51fa\u30021951\u5e743\u6708\uff0c\u7a46\u52d2\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u5f00\u5b8c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f1a\u8bae\u51c6\u5907\u56de\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u505c\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u770b\u4e00\u4e0bCC\u662f\u5426\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u4ec0\u4e48\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002\u5230\u8fbe\u9999\u6e2f\u540e\uff0cCC\u4e00\u5bb6\u9080\u8bf7\u7a46\u52d2\u53ca\u9886\u9986\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u5b98\u5458\u5171\u8fdb\u665a\u9910\u3002\u5927\u534a\u4e2a\u4e0b\u5348\u53ca\u665a\u9910\u51e0\u4e4e\u90fd\u56f4\u7ed5\u7740CC\u5c55\u5f00\uff0c\u4f46\u8be5\u5b98\u5458\u6700\u540e\u63d0\u51fa\uff0cCC\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u201c\u8eab\u4efd\u8bc1\u660e\u201d\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u7a46\u52d2\u9a6c\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8fd9\u5c31\u5947\u602a\u4e86\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u95f4\u623f\u95f4\u91cc\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\u8c01\u662f\u674e\u535a\u58eb\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u3002\u4f60\u8fd8\u8981\u5176\u4ed6\u4ec0\u4e48\u8eab\u4efd\u8bc1\u660e\uff1f\u201d\u8fd9\u4f4d\u5b98\u5458\u5c31\u5bf9CC\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u4f60\u660e\u5929\u4e0a\u5348\u5230\u6211\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u6765\u3002\u201d\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u7b7e\u8bc1\u5c31\u51fa\u6765\u4e86\u30021951\u5e745\u6708\uff0cCC\u4e00\u5bb6\u79bb\u5f00\u9999\u6e2f\u5230\u8fbe\u7f8e\u56fd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u51fa20\u5e74\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u5c31\u591a\u4e86\u4e00\u9897\u66e6\u66e6\u95ea\u8000\u7684\u660e\u661f\u3002\u8bda\u5982\u897f\u4eba\u6240\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f59\u4e0b\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u5386\u53f2\uff08The rest is history\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7a46\u52d2\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f1a\u5bf9CC\u5982\u6b64\u70ed\u5ff1\u5730\u5e2e\u52a9\uff1f<\/p>\n

CC\u6ede\u7559\u9999\u6e2f\u65f6\uff0c\u7a46\u52d2\u5df2\u662f\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u5f97\u4e3b\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u7c7b\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u4f1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4efb\u4e3b\u5e2d\u3002\u5176\u540d\u58f0\u81ea\u5f53\u65f6\u5982\u65e5\u4e2d\u5929\u3002\u4ed6\u4e0eCC\u975e\u4eb2\u975e\u6545\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9CC\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e4b\u5927\u662f\u6709\u76ee\u5171\u7779\u7684\u3002CC\u7684\u4eba\u683c\u9b45\u529b\u80af\u5b9a\u662f\u8d77\u4e86\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u91cc\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u7a46\u52d2\u5728\u65e9\u671f\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff0c\u6781\u5bcc\u793e\u4f1a\u6b63\u4e49\u611f\u3002\u4ed6\u662f\u6469\u5c14\u6839\u7684\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u4ed6\u572820\u5e74\u4ee3\u901a\u8fc7\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff0cX\uff0d\u5c04\u7ebf\u53ef\u5bfc\u81f4\u679c\u8747\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u7a81\u53d8\u3002\u8fd9\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u4f7f\u7a46\u52d2\u57281946\u5e74\u83b7\u5f97\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u751f\u7406\u533b\u5b66\u5956\u30021932\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5927\u8427\u6761\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u7a46\u52d2\u5bf9\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u524d\u666f\u9010\u6e10\u60b2\u89c2\u30029\u6708\uff0c\u7a46\u52d2\u53bb\u67cf\u6797\u51c6\u5907\u548c\u4e00\u4f4d\u4fc4\u56fd\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u5bb6\u77ed\u671f\u5408\u4f5c\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u7f8e\u56fd\u8054\u90a6\u8c03\u67e5\u5c40\u4e5f\u5728\u8c03\u67e5\u7a46\u52d2\u65e9\u671f\u53c2\u4e0e\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u653f\u6cbb\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u7a46\u52d2\u5c31\u53bb\u4e86\u82cf\u8054\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5217\u5b81\u683c\u52d2\u4e3b\u6301\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u9057\u4f20\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\uff0c\u7ee7\u7eed\u4ece\u4e8b\u8f90\u5c04\u4e0e\u9057\u4f20\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u5230\u4e861936\u5e74\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u82cf\u8054\u56fd\u5185\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u7684\u538b\u6291\uff0c\u674e\u68ee\u79d1\u7684\u9010\u6e10\u7316\u7357\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u65af\u5927\u6797\u5bf9\u7a46\u52d2\u6240\u8457\u7684\u4e00\u672c\u5173\u4e8e\u4f18\u751f\u5b66\u7684\u4e66\u611f\u5230\u4e0d\u6ee1\uff0c\u7a46\u52d2\u88ab\u8feb\u79bb\u5f00\u82cf\u8054\uff0c\u4ece\u6b64\u5bf9\u82cf\u8054\u5e0c\u671b\u7834\u706d\u30021940\u5e74\u56de\u5230\u7f8e\u56fd\u30021946\u5e74\u83b7\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u540e\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e0d\u4e45\u524d\u7f8e\u56fd\u5728\u5e7f\u5c9b\u53ca\u957f\u5d0e\u6295\u653e\u539f\u5b50\u5f39\u540e\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u4f24\u5bb3\u8bb0\u5fc6\u72b9\u65b0\uff0c\u4e14\u9010\u6e10\u5347\u6e29\u7684\u51b7\u6218\u53ca\u6838\u519b\u5907\u7ade\u8d5b\u4f7f\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u6838\u6c61\u67d3\u5fc3\u5b58\u6050\u60e7\uff0c\u52a0\u4e4b\u7a46\u52d2\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u6770\u51fa\u7684\u6f14\u8bb2\u8005\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u7a46\u52d2\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u4e5f\u9887\u6709\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u516c\u4f17\u4eba\u7269\u3002\u7a46\u52d2\u56de\u7f8e\u56fd\u540e\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u4ecd\u7136\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4ed6\u5de6\u503e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\u7834\u706d\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u5728\u82cf\u8054\u671f\u95f4\u8033\u95fb\u76ee\u7779\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u5bf9\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u7c97\u66b4\u5e72\u9884\uff0c\u5bf9\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u8feb\u5bb3\u4e43\u81f3\u4eba\u8eab\u4f24\u5bb3\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u7a46\u52d2\u6210\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u4f1a\u63f4\u52a9\u5916\u56fd\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u5bb6\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u3001\u7f8e\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u81ea\u7531\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u53ca\u56fd\u9645\u6551\u63f4\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7b49\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u4e00\u540d\u6d3b\u8dc3\u6210\u5458\u3002\u542c\u5230CC\u7684\u906d\u9047\uff0c\u8054\u7cfb\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u906d\u9047\u53ca\u5bf9\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\u548c\u5e7b\u60f3\u7834\u706d\uff0c\u6216\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7a46\u52d2\u611f\u5230\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u6765\u5e2e\u52a9CC\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u4ed6\u5b8c\u7f8e\u65e0\u79c1\u5730\u505a\u5230\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

CC\u4e5f\u94ed\u8bb0\u7740\u7a46\u52d2\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u70ed\u60c5\u5e2e\u52a9\u30021951\u5e749\u6708\uff0cCC\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u513f\u5b50\u51fa\u751f\u4e86\u3002CC\u592b\u5987\u4fe9\u7ed9\u4ed6\u53d6\u540d\u53f2\u8482\u592b\u2022\u7a46\u52d2\u2022\u674e\uff0c\u4ee5\u7eaa\u5ff5\u7a46\u52d2\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u00a0CC\u7684\u300a\u7fa4\u4f53\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u53ca\u5176\u91cd\u8981\u5b66\u672f\u8d21\u732e<\/strong><\/p>\n

CC\u4e00\u751f\u4e2d\u5199\u4e8610\u672c\u4e66\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec2\u672c\u8bd1\u8457\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u57281948\u5e74\u64b0\u5199\u7684\u5904\u5973\u4f5c\u300a\u7fa4\u4f53\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba\u300b\uff08\u82f1\u6587\u7248\uff0c\u7531\u56fd\u7acb\u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u51fa\u7248\uff09\u5374\u662f\u5bf9\u5176\u547d\u8fd0\u8d77\u51b3\u5b9a\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\u3002\u3000\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u662fCC\u57281946\u5e74\u5e95\u81f31948\u5e74\u521d\uff0c\u4ee5\u5176\u5728\u5e7f\u897f\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u91d1\u9675\u5927\u5b66\u548c\u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u8bb2\u7a3f\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u4e3a\u6b64\u4e66\u7684\u51c6\u5907\u4ece1944\u5e74\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5f53\u65f6\u4e0d\u5177\u5907\u4efb\u4f55\u79d1\u7814\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u505a\u79d1\u7814\uff0cCC\u5c31\u5728\u642c\u8fc1\u5230\u6210\u90fd\u7684\u91d1\u9675\u5927\u5b66\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u5185\u7cfb\u7edf\u5730\u9605\u8bfb\u9986\u85cf\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u6587\u732e\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u5c06\u6587\u732e\u6284\u5199\u5728\u7eb8\u4e0a\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u64b0\u5199\u300a\u7fa4\u4f53\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba\u300b\u65f6\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u201c\u4e00\u534a\u5728\u8111\u5b50\u91cc\uff0c\u4e00\u534a\u5728\u6210\u90fd\u65f6\u6284\u5199\u7684\u6587\u732e\u91cc\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7fa4\u4f53\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u5bb6\u514b\u6d1b\u5728\u4e00\u7bc7\u4e66\u8bc4\u91cc\u5bf9\u6b64\u4e66\u8912\u5956\u6709\u52a0\uff0c\u4e5f\u6307\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u75b5\u7455\u3002\u514b\u6d1b\u8bc4\u8bba\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u968f\u7740\u52a8\u690d\u7269\u80b2\u79cd\u5b66\u751f\u4ee5\u53ca\u4eba\u7c7b\u9057\u4f20\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u5bf9\u7fa4\u4f53\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u7684\u5174\u8da3\u9010\u6e10\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5165\u95e8\u6559\u7a0b\u975e\u5e38\u7d27\u7f3a\u3002\u674e\u6559\u6388\u8fd9\u672c\u6781\u597d\u7684\u4e66\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e86\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u7531\u4e8e\u5185\u5bb9\u8db3\u591f\u8be6\u7ec6\uff0c\u4ea6\u53ef\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u672c\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599\u3002\u8be5\u4e66\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4ee5\u4e66\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u641c\u96c6\u4e86\u8d39\u5e0c\u5c14\uff08R. A. Fisher\uff09\u3001\u970d\u5c14\u4e39\uff08J. B. S. Haldane\uff09\u3001\u8d56\u7279\uff08S.Wright\uff09\u7b49\u5b66\u8005\u591a\u5f97\u4ee4\u4eba\u60ca\u8bb6\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e14\u5747\u4ee5\u6e05\u6670\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u9610\u8ff0\u3002\u201d[9].<\/p>\n

\u8bda\u5982\u514b\u6d1b\u6307\u51fa\u7684\uff0c\u8be5\u4e66\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u7528\u901a\u4fd7\u6613\u61c2\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u8d39\u5e0c\u5c14\u3001\u970d\u5c14\u4e39\u548c\u8d56\u7279\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u514b\u6d1b\u8fd8\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e09\u4f4d\u7fa4\u4f53\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u5de8\u5320\u901a\u5e38\u591a\u7528\u9ad8\u6df1\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u6765\u8868\u8ff0\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u53ca\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u8bb8\u8bb8\u591a\u591a\u5b66\u751f\u7269\u3001\u533b\u5b66\u3001\u52a8\u690d\u7269\u80b2\u79cd\u51fa\u8eab\u7684\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\u5f88\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u82e5\u5e72\u5e74\u91cc\uff0c\u8d39\u5e0c\u5c14\uff0c\u970d\u5c14\u4e39\u548c\u8d56\u7279\u4e09\u4f4d\u5de8\u5320\u7684\u6210\u5c31\u201c\u5728\u4e0d\u5c0f\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u8981\u5f52\u529f\u4e8e\u5176\uff08CC\uff09\u5c06\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6210\u679c\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u597d\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u53d6\u6750\u7f16\u6392\u4e5f\u662f\u72ec\u5177\u5320\u5fc3\u3002\u4ece\u5386\u53f2\u6e0a\u6e90\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u7fa4\u4f53\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u51e0\u4e4e\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u5e73\u884c\u7684\u3002\u800cCC\u7684\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u4e2d\u5e38\u5e38\u7528\u5230\u7684\u5206\u79bb\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u624d\u9610\u8ff0\u4e86\u7fa4\u4f53\u9057\u4f20\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7a7f\u63d2\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0d\u5c11\u5b9e\u9645\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u7ae0\u8282\u8fd8\u9644\u6709\u7ec3\u4e60\u9898\uff0c\u5bf9\u81ea\u6211\u6d4b\u9a8c\u548c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u4e0d\u65e0\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ece\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0a\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u300a\u7fa4\u4f53\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba\u300b\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u65f6\u673a\u662f\u6781\u4f73\u7684\u3002\u8be5\u4e66\u51fa\u7248\u4e4b\u65f6\u5df2\u6709\u51e0\u672c\u7fa4\u4f53\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u53ca\u6570\u91cf\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u7684\u4e66\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u5747\u672a\u6d89\u53ca\u4eba\u7c7b\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8be5\u4e66\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u586b\u8865\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u7a7a\u3002\u800c\u4eba\u7c7b\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u57281948\u5e74\u6b63\u5904\u4e8e\u8d77\u98de\u7684\u524d\u591c\u3002\u300a\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u7c7b\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u300b\u671f\u520a\u57281949\u5e749\u6708\u521b\u520a\u30021953\u5e74\u6c83\u68ee\u548c\u514b\u91cc\u514b\u5171\u540c\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86DNA\u7684\u53cc\u87ba\u65cb\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5f90\u9053\u89c9\u57281953\u5e74\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u4f4e\u6e17\u900f\u7684\u6eb6\u6db2\u30021956\u5e74\u4eba\u7c7b\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6570\u76ee\u7531\u534e\u4eba\u848b\u6709\u5174\uff08Joe Hin Tjio\uff09\u548c\u5217\u4e07\uff08\uff21. Levan\uff09\u7ed9\u51fa\u3002\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7c7b\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u7cfb\u662f1956\u5e74\u7531\u5c3c\u5c14\uff08James Neel\uff09\u5728\u5bc6\u6b47\u6839\u5927\u5b66\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u30021959\u5e74\uff0c\u52d2\u7ea6\u7eb3\uff08Jerome Lejeune\uff09\u53d1\u73b0\u5148\u5929\u611a\u578b\u5510\u6c0f\u7efc\u5408\u75c7\u662f\u753121\u4e09\u4f53\u9020\u6210\u7684\u3002\u7531\u6b64\uff0c\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u5206\u652f\u2014\u2014\u533b\u5b66\u7ec6\u80de\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u8bde\u751f\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

1955\u5e74\uff0cCC\u5bf9\u300a\u7fa4\u4f53\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba\u300b\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u7531\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u51fa\u7248\u3002\u65af\u76ae\u601d\u8bc4\u4ef7\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8be5\u4e66\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u9886\u57df\u53d1\u6325\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u6027\u5f71\u54cd\u8fbe20\u5e74\u4e4b\u4e45\u3002\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u6574\u6574\u4e00\u4ee3\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u5bb6\u90fd\u5f97\u76ca\u4e8e\u8be5\u4e66\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u8981\u4e0d\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\uff0c\u7531\u8d39\u5e0c\u5c14\u3001\u970d\u5c14\u4e39\u548c\u8d56\u7279\u7b49\u4f1f\u4eba\u521b\u7acb\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\u57281970\u5e74\u524d\u8fd8\u53ea\u80fd\u4e3a\u6781\u5c11\u6570\u4eba\u6240\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u201d21\u5e74\u540e\u76841976\u5e74\uff0c\u674e\u666f\u5747\u53c8\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u300a\u7fa4\u4f53\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u57fa\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u300b\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u5317\u4eac\u7248\u7684\u589e\u8ba2\u7248\u3002<\/p>\n

70\u5e74\u4ee3\u540e\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u57fa\u56e0\u91cd\u7ec4\u6280\u672f\u7684\u53d1\u660e\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u66f4\u662f\u7a81\u98de\u731b\u8fdb\u3002\u5230\u4e8680\u5e74\u4ee3\u540e\u671f\uff0cDNA\u591a\u6001\u6027\u6807\u8bb0\u9010\u6e10\u4e3a\u57fa\u56e0\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7b49\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u6709\u529b\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5206\u5b50\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u7684\u98de\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4e5f\u523a\u6fc0\u4e86\u7fa4\u4f53\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u5728\u7fa4\u4f53\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u9886\u57df\uff0c60\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b70\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u6728\u6751\u8d44\u751f\uff08Motoo Kimura\uff09\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u4e2d\u6027\u5206\u5b50\u8fdb\u5316\u8bba\uff0c70\u5e74\u4ee3\u5c24\u6587\u65af\uff08Warran Ewens\uff09\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u62bd\u6837\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u91d1\u66fc\uff08J. F. C. Kingman\uff09\u7684\u6eaf\u7956\u7406\u8bba\uff08coalescent theory\uff09\u5927\u591a\u8fd0\u7528\u4e86\u9ad8\u6df1\u7684\u6982\u7387\u8bba\u548c\u968f\u673a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u6570\u7406\u7edf\u8ba1\u79d1\u73ed\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u5f88\u96be\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u9051\u8bba\u4f5c\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u53ca\u4e2a\u4eba\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u548c\u666e\u53ca\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e3a\u5feb\u901f\u8ba1\u7b97\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u7b80\u5355\u5206\u79bb\u5206\u6790\u4e5f\u968f\u4e4b\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\u5206\u79bb\u5206\u6790\u6240\u53d6\u4ee3\u3002\u5230\u4e8690\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u53c8\u8f6c\u5411\u4e86\u5229\u7528\u5bb6\u65cf\u7cfb\u8c31\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u4eba\u7c7b\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u5b9a\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5c3d\u7ba1\u300a\u7fa4\u4f53\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba\u300b\u4e2d\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\u53ca\u539f\u7406\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u7136\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u7684\u7528\u5904\u5df2\u7ecf\u9010\u6e10\u8ba9\u4f4d\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\u66f4\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u4e66\u7c4d\u3002\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u53d1\u5c55\u8fc5\u901f\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u518d\u597d\u7684\u4e66\u4e5f\u53ea\u80fd\u662f\u5404\u9886\u98ce\u9a9a\u51e0\u5e74\u6216\u5341\u51e0\u5e74\u3002\u4f46\u4e0d\u7ba1\u600e\u6837\uff0c\u300a\u7fa4\u4f53\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba\u300b\u662f\u4e00\u90e8\u9996\u6b21\u5411\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7fa4\u4f53\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u7684\u8bba\u8457\uff0c\u4e00\u7ecf\u9762\u4e16\u5c31\u88ab\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u516c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u540d\u8457\uff0c\u5b83\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u7fa4\u4f53\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u7684\u666e\u53ca\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u4e0d\u53ef\u78e8\u706d\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u00a0CC\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u5b66\u672f\u8d21\u732e<\/strong><\/p>\n

CC\u5bf9\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u8fdc\u8fdc\u4e0d\u6b62\u300a\u7fa4\u4f53\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u5bf9\u7fa4\u4f53\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u7684\u8d21\u732e\uff0cCC\u5bf9\u9057\u4f20\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u53d1\u5c55\u4e5f\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u7a81\u51fa\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u3002\u4ed6\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u4e0d\u8ba1\u72ec\u5b50\u5973\u65b9\u6cd5\u201d\uff08method of discarding the singleton\uff09\u6216\u7b80\u79f0\u201c\u5355\u6cd5\u201d\uff08the singles method\uff09\u7684\u5206\u79bb\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7b80\u5355\u800c\u5b9e\u7528\u3002\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u666e\u53ca\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u9057\u4f20\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5bf9\u75be\u75c5\u9057\u4f20\u4f20\u64ad\u89c4\u5f8b\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u7684\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u9a84\u4eba\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u30021964\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u300a\u8bd5\u9a8c\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u51fa\u7248\u3002\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u6df1\u5165\u6d45\u51fa\u5730\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u8bbe\u8ba1\u539f\u7406\u53ca\u5176\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u8bfb\u8005\u6b22\u8fce\u30021975\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u300a\u901a\u5f84\u5206\u6790\u5165\u95e8\u300b\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bba\u8ff0\u4e86\u901a\u5f84\u5206\u6790\u7684\u539f\u7406\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u6b64\u4e66\u5728\u9057\u4f20\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\u66fe\u5341\u5206\u98ce\u884c\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u968f\u7740\u4e2a\u4eba\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u53ca\u7edf\u8ba1\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u666e\u53ca\uff0c\u901a\u5f84\u5206\u6790\u624d\u9010\u6b65\u8ba9\u4f4d\u4e8e\u7ed3\u6784\u65b9\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b\u30021982\u5e74\uff0cCC\u53c8\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u300a\u4e0d\u5e73\u8861\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5206\u6790\u300b\uff0c\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86\u7edf\u8ba1\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6216\u8bb8CC\u8fc4\u4eca\u4e3a\u6b62\u5f71\u54cd\u6700\u957f\u4e45\u7684\u4e00\u4efd\u5b66\u672f\u7cbe\u795e\u9057\u4ea7\u662f\u4ed6\u572850\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\u671f\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bd5\u9a8c\u7684\u968f\u673a\/\u53cc\u76f2\u4e24\u4e2a\u539f\u5219(\u4f5c\u8005\u6ce8:\u00a0\u5728\u6bd4\u8f83\u65b0\u836fB\u548c\u65e7\u836fA\u65f6\uff0c\u968f\u673a\u6307\u53c2\u52a0\u8bd5\u9a8c\u7684\u75c5\u4eba\u88ab\u5206\u5230A\u7ec4\uff08\u670d\u7528A\u836f\uff09\u6216B\u7ec4\uff08\u670d\u7528B\u836f\uff09\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u5747\u7b49\u3002\u53cc\u76f2\u6307\u75c5\u4eba\u5206\u7ec4\u524d\u540e\uff0c\u75c5\u4eba\u53ca\u89c2\u5bdf\u75c5\u4eba\u7684\u533b\u751f\u5747\u4e0d\u77e5\u75c5\u4eba\u5728\u54ea\u7ec4)\u300250\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\u671f\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd25\u5bb6\u9000\u4f0d\u519b\u4eba\u533b\u9662\u7ec4\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bc4\u4ef7\u764c\u75c7\u836f\u7269\u7597\u6548\u56e2\u4f53\uff0cCC\u88ab\u4efb\u547d\u4e3a\u8be5\u56e2\u4f53\u7684\u751f\u7269\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002\u90a3\u65f6\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bd5\u9a8c\u5f88\u5c11\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e38\u5e38\u6ca1\u6709\u751f\u7269\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002\u5f53CC\u63d0\u51fa\u8981\u968f\u673a\u5316\u5206\u914d\u75c5\u4eba\uff0c\u5e76\u9075\u5faa\u53cc\u76f2\u539f\u5219\u65f6\uff0c\u906d\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u533b\u751f\u7684\u5f3a\u70c8\u53cd\u5bf9\u3002CC\u575a\u6301\u5df1\u89c1\uff0c\u6beb\u4e0d\u8ba9\u6b65\u3002\u5e78\u8fd0\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u7acb\u536b\u751f\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u7684\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba\u5728\u7406\u89e3\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u539f\u5219\u7684\u539f\u7406\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u4e86CC\uff0c\u5e76\u5a01\u80c1\u8bf4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u91c7\u7528CC\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c06\u4e0d\u63d0\u4f9b\u8d44\u52a9\u3002\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u539f\u5219\u5df2\u88ab\u666e\u904d\u63a5\u53d7\u3002\u968f\u673a\u53cc\u76f2\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u968f\u673a\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u5bf9\u7167\uff0c\u662f\u5f53\u4eca\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bd5\u9a8c\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u5bf9\u5ba2\u89c2\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6cbb\u7597\u7ed3\u679c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b66\u4e0a\u7684\u4fdd\u8bc1\u3002\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u65b0\u836f\u7684\u5ba1\u6279\u6781\u5176\u4e25\u683c\u3002\u5236\u836f\u516c\u53f8\u5728\u7533\u8bf7\u65b0\u836f\u751f\u4ea7\u51fa\u552e\u8bb8\u53ef\u8bc1\u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5411\u56fd\u5bb6\u836f\u7269\u7ba1\u7406\u673a\u6784\u8bc1\u660e\u5176\u6240\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u65b0\u836f\uff08\u6216\u65b0\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09\u786e\u5b9e\u6709\u6548\u3002\u800c\u5176\u6709\u6548\u6027\u7684\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bd5\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u6210\u529f\u7684\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bd5\u9a8c\u5fc5\u987b\u9075\u5faa\u968f\u673a\u3001\u5bf9\u7167\u7684\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u4e14\u5728\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4fdd\u6301\u53cc\u76f2\u3002\u672a\u80fd\u9075\u5faa\u8fd9\u4e9b\u539f\u5219\u7684\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bd5\u9a8c\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u5c31\u4f1a\u5927\u6253\u6298\u6263\u3002<\/p>\n

CC\u8fd8\u6709\u7740\u4ee4\u4eba\u60ca\u53f9\u7684\u8fdc\u89c1\u5353\u8bc6\u548c\u575a\u6301\u771f\u7406\u7684\u52c7\u6c14\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4ed6\u5728\u4eba\u7c7b\u7fa4\u4f53\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u6210\u5c31\uff0c1976\u5e74CC\u53d7\u8058\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u4f1a\u63a7\u5236\u676d\u5ef7\u987f\u75c5\u4e13\u5bb6\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u3002\u676d\u5ef7\u987f\u75c5\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u795e\u7ecf\u9000\u5316\u6027\u75be\u75c5\uff0c\u5448\u5e38\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u663e\u6027\u9057\u4f20\uff0c\u53d1\u75c5\u8f83\u665a\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u75c5\u4eba\u5747\u4e3a\u6742\u5408\u5b50\u3002\u572870\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5c1a\u672a\u627e\u5230\u81f4\u75c5\u57fa\u56e0\uff0c\u7b49\u5230\u51fa\u73b0\u75c7\u72b6\u5e76\u660e\u786e\u8bca\u65ad\u540e\uff0c\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u75c5\u4eba\u5df2\u6709\u4e86\u5b69\u5b50\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u53c8\u6709\u4e00\u534a\u7684\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u5c06\u81f4\u75c5\u57fa\u56e0\u4f20\u5230\u4e86\u4e0b\u4e00\u4ee3\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u56e0\u68c0\u6d4b\u65b9\u6cd5\u80fd\u68c0\u6d4b\u51fa\u6742\u5408\u5b50\uff0c\u5bf9\u75c5\u4eba\u53ca\u5176\u5bb6\u5c5e\u4ee5\u53ca\u793e\u4f1a\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u798f\u97f3\u3002<\/p>\n

1977\u5e74\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7684\u4e00\u5458\uff0cCC\u63d0\u51fa\uff1a\u76ee\u524d\u6700\u8feb\u5207\u4e14\u5b9e\u7528\u7684\u9700\u8981\u5c31\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u5f00\u53d1\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u6709\u6548\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u68c0\u6d4b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u68c0\u6d4b\u51fa\u6742\u5408\u5b50\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u68c0\u6d4b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f34\u4e4b\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u7684\u9057\u4f20\u54a8\u8be2\uff0c\u4ece\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u6765\u8bf4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u8be5\u75c5\u5728\u4e00\u4ee3\u5185\u6d88\u9664\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u8be5\u75c5\u7684\u53d1\u75c5\u7387\u964d\u4f4e\u5230\u4e0e\u65b0\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u7a81\u53d8\u51e0\u7387\u76f8\u5f53\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u4ee5\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u773c\u5149\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5efa\u8bae\u4e5f\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u6b63\u786e\u548c\u5207\u5b9e\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u3002\u4e0d\u5e78\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8be5\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u79d8\u4e66\u7684\u89c1\u89e3\u4e0e\u6b64\u5927\u76f8\u5f84\u5ead\u3002\u4e13\u5bb6\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7684\u6700\u7ec8\u62a5\u544a\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86\u4e34\u5e8a\u53ca\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u8bf8\u5982\u5bfb\u627e\u6cbb\u6108\u676d\u5ef7\u987f\u75c5\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u75c5\u4eba\u7ed9\u4e0e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\u7684\u652f\u6301\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u75c5\u4eba\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u3002CC\u00a0\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e0e\u5176\u63d0\u8bae\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u800c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u5c1a\u672a\u627e\u5230\u81f4\u75c5\u57fa\u56e0\u4e14\u5bf9\u81f4\u75c5\u673a\u7406\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u63d0\u51fa\u8981\u5bfb\u627e\u6cbb\u6108\u676d\u5ef7\u987f\u75c5\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u662f\u4e0d\u5207\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u3001\u8fd1\u4e4e\u5929\u65b9\u591c\u8c2d\u5f0f\u7684\u5e7b\u60f3\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u62a5\u544a\u8fd8\u4e0d\u65e0\u5632\u8bbd\u5730\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u9057\u4f20\u54a8\u8be2\u5e76\u975e\u6cbb\u7597\u676d\u5ef7\u987f\u75c5\u7684\u7075\u4e39\u5999\u836f\u2026\u2026\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u5f3a\u6709\u529b\u7684\u4f18\u751f\u5b66\u54a8\u8be2\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u6e05\u9664\u8be5\u75c5\u2026\u2026\u65b0\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u7a81\u53d8\u4ea7\u751f\u65b0\u7684\u75c5\u4eba\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u90a3\u4e9b\u4ee4\u4eba\u4e0d\u80fd\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u8bf8\u5982\u80c1\u8feb\u3001\u5f3a\u5236\u666e\u67e5\u3001\u7edd\u80b2\u7b49\u63aa\u65bd\u6216\u8bb8\u80fd\u591f\u4fdd\u8bc1\u964d\u4f4e\u8be5\u75c5\u53d1\u75c5\u7387\u2026\u2026\u800c\u5373\u4f7f\u8be5\u75c5\u7684\u53d1\u75c5\u7387\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u75c5\u4eba\u7684\u75c5\u60c5\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6709\u4e1d\u6beb\u51cf\u5c11\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

CC\u5bf9\u6b64\u64b0\u5199\u4e86\u5c11\u6570\u89c2\u70b9\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u62a8\u51fb\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u6574\u4e2a\u804c\u4e1a\u751f\u6daf\u4e2d\u6240\u542c\u5230\u7684\u6700\u4e3a\u8352\u8c2c\u7684\u8bba\u70b9\u201d\uff0c\u5176\u6709\u5173\u9057\u4f20\u54a8\u8be2\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u5b8c\u5168\u662f\u865a\u6784\u7684\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u64b0\u5199\u5c11\u6570\u89c2\u70b9\u62a5\u544a\uff0cCC\u65d7\u5e1c\u9c9c\u660e\u5730\u634d\u536b\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

16\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u676d\u5ef7\u987f\u75c5\u7684\u81f4\u75c5\u57fa\u56e0\u57281993\u5e74\u88ab\u6210\u529f\u514b\u9686\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u8be5\u57fa\u56e0\u4f4d\u4e8e\u7b2c\u56db\u53f7\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u77ed\u81c2\u3002\u5f53\u8be5\u57fa\u56e0\u4e2d\u7684\u6838\u82f7\u9178CAG\u4e09\u4f53\u7684\u91cd\u590d\u7247\u65ad\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e00\u5b9a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u676d\u5ef7\u987f\u75c5\u3002\u800cCAG\u4e09\u4f53\u91cd\u590d\u7247\u65ad\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u9057\u4f20\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d1\u73b0\u4f7f\u5f97\u676d\u5ef7\u987f\u75c5\u53d1\u75c5\u524d\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u68c0\u6d4b\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u3002CC\u57281977\u5e74\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u5e94\u5f53\u8bf4\u662f\u6781\u6709\u8fdc\u89c1\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7531\u4e8eCC\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u7684\u8d21\u732e\uff0c1998\u5e74CC\u8363\u83b7\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u7c7b\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u4f1a\u9881\u53d1\u7684\u6770\u51fa\u6559\u80b2\u5956\u3002<\/p>\n

CC\u7684\u5176\u5b83\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e66\u53ca\u5176\u5bf9\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u3001\u751f\u7269\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u7684\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5df2\u6709\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u4e0d\u518d\u4e00\u4e00\u8d58\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56db\u00a0CC\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u9057\u4ea7<\/strong><\/p>\n

CC\u672c\u4eba\u4ece\u672a\u5728\u516c\u5f00\u573a\u5408\u6807\u699c\u8fc7\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7231\u56fd\u8005\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u884c\u52a8\u5374\u660e\u767d\u65e0\u8bef\u5730\u8868\u660e\u4ed6\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u7231\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u3002CC\u535a\u58eb\u6bd5\u4e1a\u540e\uff0c\u4ee5\u5176\u5b66\u8bc6\u548c\u4e13\u4e1a\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6559\u804c\u5e76\u975e\u96be\u4e8b\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0cCC\u653e\u5f03\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u8212\u9002\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u5de5\u4f5c\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5728\u6218\u706b\u7eb7\u98de\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u643a\u65b0\u5a5a\u59bb\u5b50\u5192\u7740\u751f\u547d\u5371\u9669\u56de\u5230\u7956\u56fd\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u9897\u62a5\u6548\u7956\u56fd\u7684\u96c4\u5fc3\uff0c\u6050\u6015\u4e0d\u4f1a\u505a\u51fa\u6b64\u4e3e\u3002CC\u57281949\u5e74\u5411\u5317\u4eac\u5e02\u9996\u4efb\u5e02\u957f\u53f6\u5251\u82f1\u8868\u793a\u8981\u4e3a\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u6559\u4e8b\u4e1a\u8d21\u732e\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u4ee5\u5176\u521a\u6b63\u4e0d\u963f\u7684\u6027\u683c\uff0c\u51b3\u975e\u5fc3\u8840\u6765\u6f6e\u6216\u5e94\u666f\u4e4b\u4e3e\u3002\u5982\u53f6\u7b03\u5e84\u5148\u751f\u4e00\u6587\u6240\u8bf4\uff0cCC\u6240\u6559\u7684\u5317\u5927\u519c\u5b66\u9662\u519c\u5b66\u7cfb1948\u5e74\u6bd5\u4e1a16\u4eba\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u591a\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u519c\u4e1a\u79d1\u7814\u6559\u5b66\u7684\u9aa8\u5e72\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u6240\u505a\u7684\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u548cCC\u7684\u5455\u5fc3\u6ca5\u8840\u4e0d\u65e0\u5173\u7cfb\u30022001\u5e74\u521d\uff0cCC\u8fd8\u5c06\u5176\u6240\u8457\u300a\u4eba\u53e3\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u521d\u7ea7\u6559\u7a0b\u300b\uff08First Course in Population Genetics\uff09\u4e00\u4e66\u53ca\u5176\u4fc4\u8bd1\u672c\u5bc4\u8d60\u7ed9\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u519c\u4e1a\u5927\u5b66\u3002<\/p>\n

1998\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u83b7\u6089CC\u8363\u83b7\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u7c7b\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u4f1a\u7684\u6770\u51fa\u6559\u80b2\u5956\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5339\u5179\u5821\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u6821\u520a\u300a\u5927\u5b66\u65f6\u62a5\u300b\u91c7\u8bbf\u4e86CC [5]. CC\u8bb2\u8ff0\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u51fa\u751f\u5728\u5927\u6cbd\uff0c\u90a3\u662f1900\u5e74\u516b\u56fd\u8054\u519b\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u767b\u9646\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u767b\u9646\u540e\u516b\u56fd\u8054\u519b\u58eb\u5175\u5728\u8be5\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u5978\u6deb\u3002\u767b\u9646\u7684\u6b21\u5e74\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u6bcf\u5bb6\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5916\u56fd\u5175\u7684\u5c0f\u5b69\u51fa\u751f\u3002\u6751\u5e84\u7684\u5e74\u957f\u8005\u4eec\u4f5c\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u51b3\u5b9a\uff1a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8bf4\uff0c\u5565\u4e8b\u90fd\u6ca1\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u51e0\u5343\u4e2a\u5a74\u513f\u51fa\u751f\u540e\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6765\u5f97\u53ca\u54ed\u53eb\u5c31\u88ab\u6390\u6b7b\u4e86\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u91cd\u65b0\u6380\u5f00\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u8fd9\u4e00\u9c9c\u4e3a\u4eba\u77e5\u3001\u5145\u6ee1\u5c48\u8fb1\u7684\u7ae0\u8282\uff0cCC\u5f88\u81ea\u7136\u5730\u8868\u793a\u51fa\u5bf9\u5927\u6cbd\u4eba\u6c11\u6240\u53d7\u82e6\u96be\u7684\u6df1\u5207\u540c\u60c5\u53ca\u5bf9\u516b\u56fd\u8054\u519b\u6b8b\u66b4\u517d\u884c\u65e0\u58f0\u7684\u63a7\u8bc9\u3002<\/p>\n

CC\u4e3a\u771f\u7406\u7edd\u4e0d\u5c48\u670d\u7684\u52c7\u6c14\u4e5f\u662f\u4ee4\u4eba\u5c0a\u656c\u7684\u3002\u5728\u6deb\u5a01\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u5664\u82e5\u5bd2\u8749\uff0c\u60df\u547d\u662f\u4ece\uff0c\u66f4\u6709\u5c11\u6570\u4eba\u5351\u8eac\u5c48\u819d\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u4e27\u5931\u4e86\u505a\u4eba\u7684\u5c0a\u4e25\u3002\u800c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u5c48\u4ece\uff0c\u53c8\u5c06\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u52a9\u957f\u6deb\u5a01\uff0c\u4f7f\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4eba\u4fef\u9996\u79f0\u81e3\uff0c\u5356\u8eab\u6c42\u8363\u3002CC\u5728\u4e50\u5929\u5b87\u4e4b\u6d41\u7684\u6deb\u5a01\u4e0b\uff0c\u94ee\u94ee\u94c1\u9aa8\uff0c\u5a01\u6b66\u4e0d\u5c48\uff0c\u5145\u5206\u5c55\u73b0\u4e86\u4eba\u7684\u5c0a\u4e25\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u6050\u6015\u5f88\u5c11\u4eba\u80fd\u505a\u5f97\u5230\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u6c38\u8fdc\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e94 \u8fd0\u6c14\u548c\u4e2a\u4eba\u9b45\u529b<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6beb\u65e0\u7591\u95ee\uff0cCC\u7684\u751f\u5e73\u5145\u6ee1\u4e86\u4e0d\u5c11\u8fd0\u6c14\u548c\u673a\u9047\u3002\u5982\u679cCC\u51b3\u5b9a\u665a\u51fa\u8d70\u4e09\u56db\u4e2a\u6708\uff08\u5c4a\u65f6\u7531\u4e8e\u671d\u9c9c\u6218\u4e89\u7206\u53d1\uff0c\u51fa\u5883\u8981\u56f0\u96be\u5f97\u591a\uff09\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5f53\u5e74CC\u7684\u5f1f\u5f1f\u65e0\u529b\u4e3a\u4ed6\u81ea\u8d39\u51fa\u7248\u300a\u7fa4\u4f53\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u57281950\u5e74\u65f6\u8fd8\u5fc3\u5b58\u5e7b\u60f3\uff0c\u7559\u5728\u56fd\u5185\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u7a46\u52d2\u4e0d\u9057\u4f59\u529b\u5730\u4e3a\u4ed6\u7684\u6559\u804c\u5954\u8d70\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u2026\u2026\u4ed6\u7684\u547d\u8fd0\u6050\u6015\u4f1a\u5927\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u8fd0\u6c14\u5728CC\u7684\u6210\u957f\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u5df4\u65af\u5fb7\u6240\u8bf4\uff0c\u673a\u9047\u53ea\u5782\u9752\u90a3\u4e9b\u6709\u51c6\u5907\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u5982\u679cCC\u6ca1\u6709\u8fc7\u4eba\u7684\u806a\u660e\u548c\u52e4\u594b\uff0c\u518d\u597d\u7684\u8fd0\u6c14\u6050\u6015\u4e5f\u53ea\u80fd\u5e2eCC\u4e00\u65f6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u806a\u660e\u548c\u52e4\u594b\uff0cCC\u8fd8\u5177\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u4f18\u826f\u7684\u54c1\u5fb7\u53ca\u4e2a\u6027\u3002CC\u5177\u6709\u5c06\u590d\u6742\u7684\u4e8b\u8bb2\u89e3\u5f97\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u61c2\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u601d\u8bae\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u4ed6\u975e\u5e38\u8c26\u900a\uff0c\u4ece\u4e0d\u5c45\u529f\u81ea\u50b2\u76db\u6c14\u51cc\u4eba\u3002\u5728\u548c\u7b14\u8005\u7684\u51e0\u6b21\u901a\u4fe1\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u90fd\u5c0a\u79f0\u7b14\u8005\u4e3a\u201c\u5b59\u4f1f\u5b66\u5144\u201d\u2014\u2014\u800c\u7b14\u8005\u90a3\u65f6\u8fd8\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u6240\u5dde\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\u5c1a\u672a\u62ff\u5230\u7ec8\u8eab\u6559\u804c\u7684\u526f\u6559\u6388\u800c\u5df2\u3002CC\u975e\u5e38\u6177\u6168\uff0c\u4e50\u4e8e\u52a9\u4eba\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u51e0\u7bc7\u7eaa\u5ff5CC\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u90fd\u53ef\u770b\u5230[10-13]\u4e00\u65e6\u522b\u4eba\u6709\u6c42\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u96be\u4e8e\u542f\u9f7f\u7684\u79c1\u4e8b\uff0cCC\u90fd\u4f1a\u653e\u4e0b\u624b\u91cc\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6089\u5fc3\u503e\u542c\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u3002CC\u8fd8\u975e\u5e38\u5e7d\u9ed8\u5f00\u6717\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u4f7f\u4eba\u4e0d\u77e5\u4e0d\u89c9\u5730\u89e3\u9664\u6212\u5907\u800c\u559c\u6b22\u4ed6\u3002CC\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u6709\u4e9b\u53e3\u97f3\u3002\u4e00\u6b21\u5728\u5927\u4f1a\u53d1\u8a00\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u81ea\u6211\u8c03\u4f83\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9ea6\u514b\u98ce\u6709\u4e2d\u56fd\u53e3\u97f3\uff0c\u201d\u5f15\u5f97\u5168\u573a\u54c4\u5802\u5927\u7b11\uff0c\u6c14\u6c1b\u987f\u65f6\u6d3b\u8dc3\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u65e0\u602a\u4e4eCC\u5728\u4e16\u65f6\u53ca\u53bb\u4e16\u540e\uff0c\u67095\u7bc7\u8bb2\u8ff0\u5176\u751f\u5e73\u6216\u7eaa\u5ff5CC\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u53d1\u8868\uff0c\u8db3\u89c1\u5176\u53e3\u7891\u4e4b\u4f73[4, 10-14]\u3002<\/p>\n

CC\u5f53\u7136\u4e5f\u6709\u4ed6\u4e0d\u8d70\u8fd0\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f8e\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u9662\u58eb\u7684\u963b\u6320\uff08\u66fe\u7531\u4e8e\u5b66\u672f\u89c1\u89e3\u76f8\u5f02\uff09\uff0cCC\u867d\u83b7\u9662\u58eb\u63d0\u540d\u4f46\u6700\u7ec8\u672a\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u9662\u58eb\u3002\u5bf9\u6b64\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u5f53\u621150\u5c81\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u5f88\u5149\u8363\uff0c\u73b0\u572890\u5c81\u4e86\uff0c\u65e5\u76ca\u6de1\u6cca\uff0c\u65e0\u6240\u8c13\u4e86\u201d\uff082000\u5e7412\u670822\u65e5\u7ed9\u7b14\u8005\u6765\u4fe1\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u5bf9\u6b64\u803f\u803f\u4e8e\u6000\u3002\u4ed6\u8fd8\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u4e5f\u6709\u5e78\u8fd0\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u30021998\u5e74\uff0c\u6211\u83b7\u5f97ASHG\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u4f18\u5f02[\u79c0]\u5956\u3002\u6211\u5230\u8fbe\u4e39\u4f5b\u65f6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e2a\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7684\u4e3b\u5e2d\u4f4e\u58f0\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\uff1a\u5728\u8bc4\u8bae\u65f6\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u81f4\u540c\u610f\uff01\u201d\uff082000\u5e7412\u670822\u65e5\u7ed9\u7b14\u8005\u6765\u4fe1\uff09<\/p>\n

\u516d \u54c0\u83ab\u5927\u4e8e\u5fc3\u6b7b<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u57281998\u5e74\u9047\u89c1CC\u65f6\uff0c\u7b14\u8005\u66fe\u95ee\u4ed6\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u56de\u56fd\u770b\u770b\u3002\u4ed6\u575a\u5b9a\u5730\u56de\u7b54\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u8f88\u5b50\u662f\u4e0d\u51c6\u5907\u56de\u56fd\u4e86\u3002\u6211\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u518d\u63a5\u7740\u95ee\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u867d\u7136CC\u4ece\u5c0f\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u662f\u6559\u4f1a\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u62ff\u7684\u535a\u58eb\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u6bd5\u7adf\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5ea6\u8fc7\u4e86\u4eba\u751f\u6700\u521d\u768425\u5e74\u3002\u5373\u4f7fCC\u6ca1\u6709\u201c\u53f6\u843d\u5f52\u6839\u201d\u7684\u6253\u7b97\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u751f\u4e8e\u65af\u957f\u4e8e\u65af\u7684\u6545\u571f\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u6297\u6218\u65f6\u4eb2\u773c\u6240\u89c1\u7684\u767e\u59d3\u7531\u4e8e\u6218\u4e71\u6d41\u79bb\u5931\u6240\u3001\u59bb\u79bb\u5b50\u6563\u3001\u997f\u8709\u904d\u91ce\u7684\u666f\u8c61\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6842\u6797\u7532\u5929\u4e0b\u7684\u5c71\u6c34\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u57cb\u846c\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u513f\u5b50\u7684\u571f\u5730\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5176\u65e9\u5e74\u4e3a\u4e4b\u594b\u6597\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\u3001\u4e3a\u4e4b\u5455\u5fc3\u6ca5\u8840\u7684\u5b66\u751f\uff0cCC\u80fd\u4e0d\u611f\u6000\u3001\u4e0d\u60f3\u5ff5\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728\u8fd1\u534a\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e4b\u540e\uff0cCC\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u6240\u906d\u53d7\u7684\u8feb\u5bb3\u4ecd\u803f\u803f\u4e8e\u6000\uff0c\u6613\u6c14\u96be\u5e73\u3002\u57281996\u5e748\u6708\u7ed9\u53f6\u7b03\u5e84\u5148\u751f\u7684\u4fe1\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u8bba\u662f\u5426\u6536\u5165\u6211\u7684\u6863\u6848\uff0c\u8fc4\u4eca\u4e00\u65e0\u6240\u77e5\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u4e2a\u4eba\u89c9\u5f97\u6211\u5e94\u8be5\u5e73\u53cd\uff0c\u4eca\u5e74\u4e0d\u5e73\u53cd\uff0c\u660e\u5e74\u4e0d\u5e73\u53cd\uff0c\u4f46\u7ec8\u6709\u4e00\u65e5\u8981\u5e73\u53cd\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u65e0\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u3002\u201d\u4ed6\u8fd8\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5f80\u4e8b\u5df2\u77e3\uff0c\u4eba\u751f\u6700\u5927\u7684\u75db\u82e6\u662f\u2018\u751f\u79bb\u6b7b\u522b\u2019\u3002\u201d1997\u5e743\u6708\u4ed6\u5728\u7ed9\u53f6\u7b03\u5e84\u5148\u751f\u7684\u4e00\u5c01\u957f\u8fbe17\u9875\u7684\u8ffd\u5fc6\u5f80\u4e8b\u7684\u4fe1\u4e2d\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u8fd9\u5c01\u4fe1\u6211\u5199\u4e86\u4e24\u5929\uff0c\u843d\u4e86\u4e24\u6b21\u70ed\u6cea\u3002\u201d[15].\u00a0\u6709\u9053\u662f\u82f1\u96c4\u6709\u6cea\u4e0d\u8f7b\u5f39\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5df2\u9971\u7ecf85\u5e74\u4eba\u751f\u6ca7\u6851\u7684\u8004\u800b\u8001\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\u3002\u5199\u4e86\u4e24\u5929\uff0c\u843d\u4e86\u4e24\u6b21\u70ed\u6cea\u2014\u2014\u5176\u59d4\u5c48\uff0c\u5176\u75db\u82e6\uff0c\u5176\u4f24\u611f\uff0c\u5176\u9057\u6068\uff0c\u8dc3\u7136\u7eb8\u4e0a\uff0c\u771f\u5207\uff0c\u6df1\u6c89\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f88\u96be\u60f3\u8c61CC\u5728\u5176\u5782\u5782\u66ae\u5e74\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bf9\u6545\u571f\u9b42\u7275\u68a6\u8426\u3002\u4ed6\u4f1a\u8bb0\u5f97\u6842\u6797\u90a3\u7b80\u964b\u7684\u519c\u820d\u3001\u660f\u6697\u7684\u70db\u5149\u5417\uff1f\u4ed6\u4f1a\u8bb0\u5f97\u90a3\u7b80\u964b\u7684\u8bfe\u684c\u65c1\u4e00\u53cc\u53cc\u5e26\u7740\u6e34\u6c42\u77e5\u8bc6\u771f\u7406\u7684\u76ee\u5149\u5417\uff1f\u5f53\u5e74\u88ab\u62bc\u5f80\u7ec8\u8eab\u56da\u7262\u7684\u72af\u4eba\u5728\u5a01\u5c3c\u65af\u5723\u9a6c\u53ef\u5e7f\u573a\u65c1\u7684\u53f9\u606f\u6865\u4e0a\u56de\u9996\u5e7f\u573a\u6b4c\u821e\u5347\u5e73\u7684\u666f\u8c61\u65f6\u4f1a\u53f9\u606f\u518d\u4e09\uff0c\u4ed6\u8d70\u8fc7\u7f57\u6e56\u6865\u65f6\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u50cf\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e00\u6837\u56de\u9996\u5927\u9646\u800c\u611f\u6168\u4e07\u5343\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u54c0\u83ab\u5927\u4e8e\u5fc3\u6b7b\u3002\u5b66\u4e86\u690d\u7269\u80b2\u79cd\u51c6\u5907\u62a5\u6548\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e0d\u4ec5\u62a5\u56fd\u65e0\u95e8\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u88ab\u4e00\u4e9b\u5728\u5b66\u4e1a\u4e0a\u6beb\u65e0\u4efb\u4f55\u609f\u6027\u7684\u5c0f\u4eba\u6240\u8feb\u5bb3\u3002\u800c\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5ea6\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5c0a\u91cd\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u63a8\u5d07\u5929\u624d\u548c\u52e4\u594b\u2014\u2014\u5373\u4f7f\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e26\u6709\u6d53\u91cd\u53e3\u97f3\u7684\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u5176\u53cd\u5dee\u4e4b\u5f3a\u70c8\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u76f4\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f55\u4ece\u4f55\u53bb\uff0c\u81ea\u662f\u4e0d\u8a00\u81ea\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5047\u5982\u5b98\u65b9\u5bf9\u534a\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u524d\u5bf9\u5176\u4e0d\u5b9e\u8bec\u9677\u4e4b\u8bcd\u80fd\u6b63\u5f0f\u505a\u51fa\u8fdf\u5230\u7684\u9053\u6b49\u5e73\u53cd\uff0cCC\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u56de\u5927\u9646\u770b\u4e00\u770b\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u4e03 \u5386\u53f2\u7684\u811a\u6ce8<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e50\u5929\u5b87\u662f\u201c\u674e\u666f\u5747\u51fa\u8d70\u201d\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u59cb\u4f5c\u4fd1\u8005\uff0c\u64c5\u957f\u6253\u68cd\u5b50\uff0c\u6263\u5e3d\u5b50\uff0c\u66fe\u7aed\u5c3d\u5168\u529b\u8feb\u5bb3\u674e\u666f\u5747\u5148\u751f\u3002CC\u51fa\u8d70\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u5230\u4e2d\u592e\u9ad8\u5c42\uff0c\u4e50\u6c0f\u53d7\u5230\u4e25\u91cd\u6279\u8bc4\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e50\u6c0f\u4e0d\u601d\u6094\u6539\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u53c8\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u519c\u4e1a\u5927\u5b66\u5bfc\u6f14\u4e86\u201c\u8f6c\u7cfb\u4e8b\u4ef6\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4e50\u5929\u5b87\u63d0\u51fa\u628a\u8be5\u6821\u519c\u827a\u7cfb\u3001\u56ed\u827a\u7cfb\u3001\u68ee\u6797\u7cfb\u3001\u755c\u7267\u7cfb\u7edf\u7edf\u5408\u5e76\u4e3a\u201c\u751f\u4ea7\u7cfb\u201d\uff0c\u53c8\u628a\u8be5\u6821\u519c\u5316\u7cfb\u3001\u690d\u75c5\u7cfb\u3001\u6606\u866b\u7cfb\u5408\u5e76\u4e3a\u201c\u975e\u751f\u4ea7\u7cfb\u201d\u3002\u4ed6\u4eb2\u81ea\u52a8\u5458\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u515a\u56e2\u5458\u5e26\u5934\u8f6c\u5165\u201c\u975e\u751f\u4ea7\u7cfb\u201d\u3002\u5927\u6279\u5b66\u751f\u8f6c\u7cfb\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u5b66\u6821\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e00\u5ea6\u6df7\u4e71\uff0c\u4e50\u5929\u5b87\u5374\u6cf0\u7136\u5904\u4e4b\uff0c\u8bf4\u201c\u8f6c\u5149\u4e86\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8981\u7d27\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u6539\u9769\u54ea\u6709\u4e0d\u75db\u82e6\u7684\u201d\u3002\u80e1\u4e54\u6728\u5f97\u77e5\u540e\uff0c\u4e25\u5389\u6279\u8bc4\u4ed6\u201c\u4e0d\u63a5\u53d7\u6279\u8bc4\uff0c\u9633\u5949\u9634\u8fdd\u201d\uff0c\u4ee4\u5176\u201c\u6df1\u523b\u68c0\u8ba8\u201d\u30021950\u5e7411\u6708\uff0c\u4e50\u5929\u5b87\u88ab\u64a4\u9500\u6821\u52a1\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4efb\u59d4\u5458\u804c\u52a1\uff0c\u8c03\u4efb\u4e2d\u79d1\u9662\u9057\u4f20\u9009\u79cd\u9986\uff08\u540e\u4e3a\u9057\u4f20\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff09\u9986\u957f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u4e50\u5929\u5b87\u53ef\u8c13\u662f\u94c1\u6746\u7684\u53cd\u6469\u5c14\u6839\u6d3e\u3002\u8bf7\u4ed6\u7f16\u4e2d\u5b66\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u6559\u79d1\u4e66\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0d\u5199\u201c\u7ec6\u80de\u201d\u4e00\u8282\uff0c\u8fde\u9646\u5b9a\u4e00\u4f5c\u4e3a\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u95e8\u5916\u6c49\u4e5f\u770b\u51fa\u5176\u201c\u95e8\u6237\u4e4b\u89c1\u201d\u4e86\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u53f6\u7b03\u5e84\u5148\u751f\u7684\u52c7\u6c14\u66f4\u4ee4\u4eba\u656c\u4f69\u3002\u53f6\u5148\u751f\u5728\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bb0\u8ff0CC\u51fa\u8d70\u98ce\u6ce2\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u81ea\u6211\u53cd\u7701\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u201c\u5728\u8fd9\u573a\u98ce\u6ce2\u4e2d\u5145\u5f53\u4e86\u4e00\u540d\u4e0d\u5149\u5f69\u7684\u6447\u65d7\u5450\u558a\u7684\u5c0f\u5352\u201d\uff08\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6765\u81ea\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u8d44\u6599\uff09\u3002\u77e5\u803b\u8005\u8fd1\u4e4e\u52c7\u3002\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e00\u4e9b\u8457\u540d\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u90fd\u8bf4\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e9b\u8a00\u4e0d\u7531\u8877\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u505a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e9b\u8eab\u4e0d\u7531\u5df1\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u9051\u8bba\u4e00\u4e9b\u9752\u5e74\u4eba\u3002\u53f6\u5148\u751f\u8fd9\u756a\u81ea\u6211\u53cd\u7701\u4ee4\u4eba\u5bf9\u8001\u5148\u751f\u7684\u4eba\u683c\u6cb9\u7136\u800c\u751f\u5d07\u656c\u4e4b\u60c5\u3002<\/p>\n

1952\u5e744\u6708\uff0c\u4e2d\u79d1\u9662\u652f\u90e8\u53ec\u5f00\u5927\u4f1a\uff0c\u8ba8\u8bba\u201c\u4e50\u5929\u5b87\u540c\u5fd7\u6240\u72af\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u201d\u3002\u653f\u52a1\u9662\u79d1\u5b66\u536b\u751f\u5904\u540c\u4e2d\u79d1\u9662\u5c31\u4e50\u5929\u5b87\u95ee\u9898\u8fde\u7eed\u53ec\u5f00\u4e09\u6b21\u201c\u751f\u7269\u79d1\u5b66\u5de5\u4f5c\u5ea7\u8c08\u4f1a\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\u4f1a\u8bae\u51b3\u8bae\u3002\u51b3\u8bae\u7528\u4e86\u8fd1\u4e00\u534a\u7684\u7bc7\u5e45\u6307\u63a7\u4e50\u6c0f\uff0c\u6307\u8d23\u4ed6\u201c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u79d1\u5b66\u5de5\u4f5c\u91c7\u53d6\u4e00\u79cd\u6b66\u65ad\u3001\u80a4\u6d45\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u201d\u3002\u4ee4\u4eba\u73a9\u5473\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8be5\u51b3\u8bae\u8bf4\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u65e7\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u6240\u634f\u9020\u7684\u2018\u57fa\u56e0\u2019\u81ea\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u81c6\u9020\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u7528\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\u6765\u9a73\u65a5\u5b83\u7684\u865a\u5984\u3002\u201d[16].<\/p>\n

\u51b3\u8bae\u8fd8\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u7c73\u4e18\u6797\u751f\u7269\u79d1\u5b66\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u201d\u7684\u4e50\u5929\u5b87\uff0c\u5176\u9519\u8bef\u96c6\u4e2d\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\uff1a\u201c\u4ed6\u597d\u51fa\u98ce\u5934\uff0c\u6b22\u559c\u522b\u4eba\u5949\u627f\u4ed6\uff0c\u62ac\u4e3e\u4ed6\u2026\u2026\u4ed6\u9a84\u50b2\uff0c\u6709\u4e86\u4e00\u70b9\u6210\u529f\u5373\u76db\u6c14\u51cc\u4eba\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u4e00\u4e16\uff0c\u538b\u5012\u522b\u4eba\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5e73\u7b49\u5730\u8c26\u900a\u548c\u6c14\u5730\u5f85\u4eba\u3002\u4ed6\u81ea\u6ee1\uff0c\u597d\u4e3a\u4eba\u5e08\uff0c\u597d\u6559\u8bad\u4eba\uff0c\u6307\u6325\u522b\u4eba\uff0c\u603b\u60f3\u722c\u5728\u522b\u4eba\u5934\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u53d7\u522b\u4eba\u7684\u6307\u6325\uff0c\u4e0d\u5411\u522b\u4eba\u5c24\u5176\u4e0d\u5411\u7fa4\u4f17\u865a\u5fc3\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u4e0d\u63a5\u53d7\u522b\u4eba\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u2026\u2026\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

\u610f\u5473\u6df1\u957f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u51b3\u8bae\u4ec5\u4ec5\u5c06\u6240\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u5f52\u548e\u4e8e\u4e50\u5929\u5b87\u4e2a\u4eba\u54c1\u6027\u7684\u7f3a\u9677\u53ca\u201c\u5b66\u9600\u4f5c\u98ce\u201d\uff0c\u4e1d\u6beb\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u4f53\u5236\u4e0a\u7684\u7f3a\u9677\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u660e\u667a\u5730\u4ecb\u5165\u4e86\u5b66\u672f\u4e4b\u4e89\u3002\u82e5\u5e72\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u53cd\u53f3\u53ca\u6587\u9769\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u8bb8\u8bb8\u591a\u591a\u8fdc\u6bd4\u201c\u674e\u666f\u5747\u51fa\u8d70\u201d\u66f4\u4e3a\u9a87\u4eba\u542c\u95fb\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4e4b\u540e\u4e50\u5929\u5b87\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u515a\u4e2d\u592e\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u5904\u5206\u8c03\u804c\uff0c\u4f46\u5e94\u5f53\u8bf4\uff0c\u5176\u4e2a\u4eba\u53ca\u5bb6\u5ead\u5e76\u672a\u56e0\u6b64\u800c\u53d7\u5230\u591a\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u6587\u9769\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u4e5f\u53d7\u5c3d\u8feb\u5bb3\u6467\u6b8b\uff0c\u5148\u540e\u4e0b\u653e\u5230\u5e7f\u897f\u548c\u8fbd\u5b81\u7684\u5e72\u6821\u63a5\u53d7\u5ba1\u67e5\uff0c1974\u5e74\u88ab\u5f00\u9664\u51fa\u515a\u3002\u6210\u4e3a\u4f5d\u507b\u4e4b\u540e\u83b7\u51c6\u8fd4\u4eac\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u5317\u4eac\u4e00\u5bb6\u8857\u9053\u5c0f\u5382\u505a\u666e\u901a\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u5927\u5973\u513f\u5bb6\u91cc\u201c\u4f11\u517b\u201d\u2014\u2014\u6570\u4e5d\u5bd2\u5929\uff0c\u5ba4\u5185\u7adf\u65e0\u706b\u7089\u53d6\u6696\u30021976\u5e74\u6587\u9769\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\u5f97\u4ee5\u5e73\u53cd\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u515a\u7c4d\u30021980\u5e74\uff0c\u4e50\u6c0f\u5e26\u4e0a\u8865\u53d1\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u5de5\u8d44\u516d\u4e07\u4f59\u5143\uff0c\u7531\u5317\u4eac\u56de\u5230\u5bb6\u4e61\u6e56\u5357\u5b81\u8fdc\u53bf\uff0c\u5174\u5efa\u4e5d\u5db7\u5c71\u5b66\u9662\u3002\u5efa\u6821\u521d\u671f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4ee5\u8eab\u4f5c\u5219\uff0c\u4f4f\u7834\u5e99\uff0c\u5403\u7c97\u8336\u6de1\u996d\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u79bb\u4f11\u8d39\u9664\u755950\u5143\u751f\u6d3b\u8d39\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u7684\u5168\u90fd\u4ea4\u7ed9\u5b66\u9662\u516c\u7528\u30021984\u5e74\u56e0\u8111\u6ea2\u8840\u8f9e\u4e16\u3002<\/p>\n

\u532a\u5937\u6240\u601d\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u57fa\u56e0\u53caDNA\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u5df2\u6210\u4e0d\u4e89\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4e50\u5929\u5b87\u8fd8\u5506\u4f7f\u6c5f\u897f\u7701\u5357\u57ce\u53bf\u7684\u4e2d\u5b66\u9752\u5e74\u7f8e\u672f\u6559\u5e08\u738b\u6b23\u5982\u57281976\u5e743\u6708\u548c1977\u5e742\u6708\u4e0a\u4e66\u534e\u56fd\u950b\u3001\u53f6\u5251\u82f1\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u5bf9\u6469\u5c14\u6839\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u3001\u5206\u5b50\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u4e0e\u57fa\u56e0\u5de5\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u6279\u5224\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5bf9\u79d1\u5b66\u4e8b\u5b9e\u7f6e\u82e5\u7f54\u95fb\u3001\u5012\u884c\u9006\u65bd\u7684\u884c\u5f84\u4ee4\u4eba\u53f9\u4e3a\u89c2\u6b62\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u6070\u6070\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u66fe\u4efb\u4e2d\u56fd\u6797\u79d1\u9662\u4e00\u7ea7\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u8eab\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e0d\u7531\u5f97\u4ee4\u4eba\u5567\u5567\u79f0\u5947\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e50\u6c0f\u7684\u5174\u8870\uff0c\u6216\u8bb8\u5e94\u9a8c\u4e86\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\uff0c\u201c\u4ea8\u683c\u5c14\u66fe\u8bc4\u8bba\u8bf4\u5386\u53f2\u6709\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u503e\u5411\u3002\u4ed6\u5fd8\u8bb0\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u70b9\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u662f\u4ee5\u60b2\u5267\u5f62\u5f0f\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u800c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u5219\u662f\u4ee5\u559c\u5267\u5f62\u5f0f\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u201d\u5f53\u4eca\uff0c\u674e\u666f\u5747\u5148\u751f\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u4e0e\u5176\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u76f8\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u5c31\u5728\u4eca\u5e74\uff082008\u5e74\uff094\u6708\uff0c\u5728\u5339\u5179\u5821\u5927\u5b66\u53ec\u5f00\u4e86\u7b2c\u56db\u5c4a\u7eaa\u5ff5\u674e\u666f\u5747\u5148\u751f\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u8ba8\u8bba\u4f1a\u3002\u800c\u4e50\u5929\u5b87\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u6216\u8bb8\u53ea\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u63cf\u8ff0\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u6210\u7acb\u540e\u7b2c\u4e00\u8d77\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u7531\u4e8e\u5b66\u672f\u89c1\u89e3\u4e0d\u540c\u800c\u53d7\u5230\u8feb\u5bb3\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6ce8\u811a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u516b \u53cd\u601d<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201c\u674e\u666f\u5747\u51fa\u8d70\u201d\u8fc4\u4eca\u5df2\u8fd170\u5e74\u4e86\u3002\u5f53\u4eca\u4e2d\u56fd\u867d\u7136\u5728\u79d1\u6280\u9886\u57df\u6709\u4e86\u957f\u8db3\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u79d1\u6280\u6c34\u5e73\u4e0e\u5176\u5927\u56fd\u5730\u4f4d\u5e76\u4e0d\u76f8\u79f0\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u5f53\u65f6\u5bfc\u81f4\u201c\u674e\u666f\u5747\u51fa\u8d70\u201d\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u8fc4\u4eca\u4f9d\u7136\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20\u5982\u957f\u5b98\u610f\u5fd7\u751a\u81f3\u6bd4\u5f53\u65f6\u8fd8\u4e25\u91cd\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5728\u5f53\u4eca\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u79d1\u6280\u6295\u5165\u5df2\u5165\u56f4\u56fd\u9645\u6c34\u5e73\u4e4b\u65f6\uff0c\u5bf9\u201c\u674e\u666f\u5747\u51fa\u8d70\u201d\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u53ca\u540e\u679c\u7684\u53cd\u601d\u5c31\u663e\u5f97\u5c24\u4e3a\u5fc5\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e0e\u7f8e\u56fd\u76f8\u6bd4\u6709\u7740\u591a\u5f97\u8d85\u4e4e\u5bfb\u5e38\u7684\u5404\u7c7b\u79d1\u6280\u5956\u9879\uff0c\u4f46\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fc4\u4eca\u672a\u51fa\u4efb\u4f55\u56fd\u9645\u5927\u5e08\u7ea7\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5df2\u662f\u4e0d\u4e89\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002\u8fd9\u56fa\u7136\u548c\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u66fe\u7ecf\u6709\u8fc7\u7684\u63a5\u8fde\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u8fd0\u52a8\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u548c\u843d\u540e\u7684\u79d1\u6280\u7ba1\u7406\u4f53\u5236\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u548c\u6587\u5316\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u548c\u6743\u529b\u7c97\u66b4\u5e72\u9884\u5b66\u672f\u6709\u7740\u4e0d\u89e3\u4e4b\u7f18\u3002\u4ee4\u4eba\u6c57\u989c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u7740\u201c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u4f18\u8d8a\u6027\u201d\uff0c\u6709\u7740\u4f17\u591a\u52e4\u52b3\u667a\u6167\u7684\u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u6b83\u6b83\u5927\u56fd\uff0c\u8fc4\u4eca\u4e3a\u6b62\u53ea\u6709CC\u7684\u300a\u7fa4\u4f53\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba\u300b\u7b49\u6781\u5c11\u51e0\u672c\u4e66\u662f\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u672c\u571f\u51fa\u7248\u5374\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u79d1\u6280\u9886\u57df\u4ea7\u751f\u8fc7\u91cd\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u4e66\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f88\u96be\u8bf4\u4e50\u5929\u5b87\u5bf9CC\u7684\u8feb\u5bb3\u6beb\u65e0\u4e2a\u4eba\u6069\u6028\u7ede\u7f20\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5f88\u96be\u76f8\u4fe1\u4ed6\u62c9\u8d77\u7684\u9a6c\u5217\u4e3b\u4e49\u5927\u65d7\u4ee5\u53ca\u6263\u4eba\u7684\u201c\u53cd\u9769\u547d\u201d\u3001\u201c\u53cd\u52a8\u201d\u5e3d\u5b50\uff0c\u771f\u7684\u662f\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u519c\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u4ed6\u62c9\u8d77\u7684\u9a6c\u5217\u4e3b\u4e49\u5927\u65d7\uff0c\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u662f\u4e3a\u5176\u4e2a\u4eba\u4fe1\u4ef0\uff0c\u53c8\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u662f\u5176\u6e05\u9664\u5f02\u5df1\u3001\u552f\u6211\u72ec\u5c0a\u9e23\u9523\u5f00\u9053\u7684\u5e4c\u5b50?\u00a0\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u786e\u5b9e\u4e0d\u4fe1\u6469\u5c14\u6839\u5b66\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6761\u4ef6\u7528\u4e3e\u4e16\u516c\u8ba4\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8bc1\u660e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5bf9\u9519\uff0c\u4f55\u5fc5\u6325\u821e\u68cd\u5b50\u5e3d\u5b50\uff0c\u6b32\u7f6e\u4eba\u6b7b\u5730\u800c\u540e\u5feb\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u5c31CC\u51fa\u8d70\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e50\u5929\u5b87\u548cCC\u5728\u4e09\u6821\u5408\u5e76\u4e4b\u524d\u5c31\u6709\u8fc7\u51b2\u7a81\u30021949\u5e74\u4e0a\u534a\u5e74\uff0c\u4e50\u5929\u5b87\u66fe\u5230\u5317\u5927\u519c\u5b66\u9662\u8bb2\u6f14\uff0c\u4ecb\u7ecd\u201c\u7c73\u4e18\u6797\u5b66\u8bf4\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u628a\u65e7\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u9a82\u4e86\u4e00\u901a\u3002\u4f1a\u540e\uff0cCC\u5728\u519c\u5b66\u7cfb\u5168\u4f53\u5e08\u751f\u5927\u4f1a\u4e0a\u516c\u5f00\u6279\u8bc4\u4e50\u7684\u8bb2\u6f14\u201c\u9519\u8bef\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u4e0d\u79d1\u5b66\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u89e6\u6012\u4e86\u4e50\u6c0f\u3002\u6b64\u540e\uff0c\u534e\u5927\u519c\u5b66\u9662\u6708\u520a\u300a\u519c\u8baf\u300b\u8f7d\u6587\u70b9\u540d\u6279\u5224CC\u7684\u300a\u7fa4\u4f53\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u300b\u4e3a\u8352\u8c2c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u51b2\u7a81\u6108\u6f14\u6108\u70c8\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4CC\u6559\u7684\u4e09\u95e8\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5168\u90e8\u88ab\u53eb\u505c\uff0c\u5e76\u8f85\u4ee5\u83ab\u987b\u6709\u7684\u8c23\u8a00\u53ca\u4eba\u8eab\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6700\u7ec8\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86CC\u7684\u51fa\u8d70\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u897f\u65b9\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u5b66\u672f\u89c1\u89e3\u4e5f\u662f\u53f8\u7a7a\u89c1\u60ef\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u653f\u5e9c\u6743\u529b\u5747\u5f88\u660e\u667a\u5730\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u7f6e\u8eab\u4e8e\u5b66\u672f\u4e89\u8bba\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4ece\u4e0d\u5e72\u9884\u3002\u6bd5\u7adf\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u8bf4\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u4e0e\u5426\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u53ea\u80fd\u7531\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u6839\u636e\u89c2\u6d4b\u548c\u6570\u636e\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002\u5373\u4fbf\u6709\u653f\u5e9c\u79d1\u7814\u7ecf\u8d39\u6295\u653e\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u503e\u659c\uff0c\u548c\u4e3b\u6d41\u5531\u53cd\u8c03\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u603b\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5404\u79cd\u6e20\u9053\u800c\u516c\u8bf8\u4e8e\u4e16\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u5b66\u672f\u671f\u520a\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u72ec\u7acb\u6027\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u4e5f\u613f\u610f\u53d1\u8868\u548c\u4e3b\u6d41\u5531\u53cd\u8c03\u4f46\u6709\u7406\u6709\u636e\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u3002CC\u57281977\u5e74\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u4f1a\u63a7\u5236\u676d\u5ef7\u987f\u75c5\u4e13\u5bb6\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u59d4\u5458\u6240\u5199\u7684\u5c11\u6570\u89c2\u70b9\u62a5\u544a\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6781\u597d\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n

\u516c\u6b63\u5730\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e5f\u51fa\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e9b\u8fd1\u4f3c\u56fd\u9645\u5927\u5e08\u7ea7\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u4eba\u6570\u4e0e\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u6781\u4e0d\u76f8\u79f0\u3002\u5df2\u6545\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u534e\u7f57\u5e9a\u5728\u6587\u9769\u4e2d\u7eaf\u6570\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u6076\u52a3\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u79ef\u6781\u63a8\u5e7f\u5e94\u7528\u6570\u5b66\uff08\u4f18\u9009\u6cd5\uff09\u5728\u5de5\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u4e2d\u8fd0\u7528\uff0c\u5176\u6210\u5c31\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u897f\u65b9\u6050\u6015\u4e5f\u65e0\u4eba\u9879\u80cc\u3002\u8881\u9686\u5e73\u9662\u58eb\u7684\u6742\u4ea4\u6c34\u7a3b\u73b0\u5df2\u904d\u53ca\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u8bb8\u591a\u9965\u8352\u9ad8\u5371\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u751f\u5b58\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u7a81\u51fa\u8d21\u732e\uff08\u503c\u5f97\u73a9\u5473\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8881\u9686\u5e73\u9662\u58eb\u521b\u5efa\u6742\u4ea4\u6c34\u7a3b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840\u6070\u6070\u5c31\u662f\u4e50\u5929\u5b87\u4eec\u6240\u7aed\u529b\u8bcb\u6bc1\u5426\u5b9a\u7684\u5b5f\u5fb7\u5c14\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u5176\u6240\u63a8\u5d07\u4fe1\u5949\u7684\u7c73\u4e18\u6797\u5b66\u8bf4\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8bda\u5982\u8f9b\u5317\u5148\u751f\u6240\u8a00\uff1a\u201c\u82cf\u8054\u4ece\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa30\u5e74\u4ee3\u8d77\u5bf9\u4f20\u7edf\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u5b9e\u884c\u7684\u527f\u706d\u884c\u52a8\u662f\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fd0\u52a8\u53f2\u4e0a\u4ee5\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u548c\u6743\u529b\u5e72\u9884\u5b66\u672f\uff0c\u8feb\u5bb3\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u6781\u5176\u5178\u578b\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b83\u548c\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u538b\u8feb\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u6ca1\u6709\u4e24\u6837\u3002\u201d[17].\u00a0\u800c\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd50\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e50\u5929\u5b87\u4eec\u5bf9CC\u7684\u8feb\u5bb3\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u5386\u6b21\u653f\u6cbb\u8fd0\u52a8\u5bf9\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u8feb\u5bb3\uff0c\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u548c\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u88c1\u5224\u6240\u5bf9\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u8feb\u5bb3\u5982\u51fa\u4e00\u8f99\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u6709\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\u6709\u8fc7\u4e4b\u800c\u65e0\u4e0d\u53ca\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7edd\u5bf9\u7684\u6743\u529b\u5bfc\u81f4\u7edd\u5bf9\u7684\u8150\u8d25\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6743\u529b\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6709\u6548\u7684\u6743\u529b\u76d1\u7763\/\u7ea6\u675f\u7684\u673a\u5236\u4ee5\u53ca\u95ee\u8d23\u5236\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6743\u529b\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u6765\u8bf4\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u6538\u5173\u6027\u547d\u7684\u3002\u800c\u7c97\u66b4\u7684\u8086\u65e0\u5fcc\u60ee\u7684\u6743\u529b\u5e72\u9884\u5b66\u672f\u7684\u540e\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u7684\u843d\u540e\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u843d\u4f0d\uff0c\u6587\u5b66\u827a\u672f\u4e5f\u6ca6\u843d\u4e3a\u6743\u529b\u6b4c\u529f\u9882\u5fb7\u7684\u5fa1\u7528\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u66f4\u4e3a\u53ef\u6015\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5e72\u9884\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u6574\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u4e3b\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u7f3a\u5931\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u89c1\u7684\u5bbd\u5bb9\u7684\u7f3a\u4e4f\uff0c\u4e25\u91cd\u5730\u7981\u9522\u7740\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u7a92\u606f\u7740\u4eba\u4eec\u8ffd\u6c42\u771f\u7406\u7684\u52c7\u6c14\uff0c\u4f7f\u957f\u5b98\u610f\u5fd7\u6210\u4e3a\u60f3\u8c61\u529b\u53ca\u521b\u9020\u529b\u7684\u6a0a\u7b3c\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\u4e4e\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u957f\u5b98\u9ad8\u5174\uff0c\u6e9c\u987b\u62cd\u9a6c\u8005\u6709\u4e4b\uff0c\u62db\u6447\u649e\u9a97\u8005\u6709\u4e4b\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b21\u5145\u597d\u8005\u6709\u4e4b\uff0c\u6307\u9e7f\u4e3a\u9a6c\u8005\u6709\u4e4b\uff0c\u7a83\u53d6\u6216\u516c\u7136\u5360\u53d6\u4ed6\u4eba\u6210\u679c\u8005\u6709\u4e4b\uff0c\u62fe\u4eba\u7259\u6167\u8005\u6709\u4e4b\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u8bf8\u5982\u201c\u6c49\u82af\u4e00\u53f7\u201d\u4e4b\u7c7b\u4ee4\u4eba\u77a0\u76ee\u7ed3\u820c\u7684\u4e11\u95fb\u4e5f\u5c31\u4e0d\u8db3\u4e3a\u5947\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u800c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u884c\u4e3a\u90fd\u4f1a\u6709\u540e\u679c\u3002\u7531\u51b3\u7b56\u9519\u8bef\u884c\u4e3a\u5931\u5f53\u6216\u7531\u4e8e\u4f53\u5236\u7684\u843d\u540e\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u540e\u679c\u6700\u7ec8\u3001\u6700\u5927\u7684\u57cb\u5355\u8005\u662f\u56fd\u5bb6\u53ca\u5176\u6c11\u4f17\u3002\u4ee5\u7b14\u8005\u6240\u5728\u7684\u5987\u4ea7\u79d1\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6709\u7740\u540d\u76ee\u7e41\u591a\u7684\u79d1\u7814\u5956\u9879\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8bb8\u591a\u4e34\u5e8a\u533b\u751f\u6bcf\u5929\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u91cf\u53ef\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u751a\u81f3\u591a\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u540c\u884c\u4e00\u5468\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u91cf\uff0c\u4f46\u8fc4\u4eca\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u5168\u7531\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u7814\u5236\u6210\u529f\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\u836f\u7269\u88ab\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u9646\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5730\u533a\u627f\u8ba4\/\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8bca\u6cbb\u7406\u5ff5\u3001\u624b\u6bb5\u3001\u4eea\u5668\u5747\u6e90\u81ea\u4e8e\u897f\u65b9\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u5206\u671f\u6807\u51c6\u4ee5\u53ca\u8bca\u6cbb\u6307\u5357\u4e5f\u662f\u897f\u65b9\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4ea6\u5927\u81f4\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u8981\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u505a\u51fa\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u201d\uff0c\u8868\u73b0\u4f55\u5728\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u800c\u5728\u5b66\u672f\u7814\u7a76\u73af\u5883\u5927\u4e3a\u5bbd\u677e\uff08\u5f53\u7136\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u5b83\u4e00\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20\uff09\u7684\u97e9\u56fd\uff0c\u57281950\u5e74\u65f6\u8fd8\u662f\u6ee1\u76ee\u75ae\u75cd\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u56fd\u571f\u9762\u79ef\u4ec5\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd1%\uff0c\u4eba\u53e3\u4ec5\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd3%\uff0c\u800c\u5176GDP\u5374\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u768429%\u3002\u97e9\u56fd\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u624b\u673a\u3001\u6c7d\u8f66\u3001\u7535\u89c6\u673a\u3001\u7535\u8111\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u9ad8\u6280\u672f\u4ea7\u54c1\u5145\u65a5\u7740\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b,\u00a0\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6211\u56fd\u6709\u7740\u201c\u4e16\u754c\u5de5\u5382\u201d\u7684\u79f0\u53f7\uff0c\u4f46\u51fa\u53e3\u4ea7\u54c1\u591a\u4e3a\u52b3\u52a8\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\uff0c\u4e14\u5e38\u5e38\u4ee5\u4f4e\u52a3\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6761\u4ef6\u548c\u7834\u574f\u73af\u5883\u4e3a\u4ee3\u4ef7\u3002\u51fa\u53e3\u7684\u9ad8\u65b0\u673a\u7535\u4ea7\u54c1\u5176\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f\u5927\u591a\u4e3a\u56fd\u5916\u6240\u6709\uff0c\u56fd\u5185\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8d5a\u53d6\u4e00\u4e9b\u6781\u5176\u4f4e\u5ec9\u7684\u88c5\u914d\u8d39\u800c\u5df2\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2aiPod\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u552e\u4ef7\u662f420\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u53ea\u67094\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u6765\u81ea\u4e2d\u56fd\u3002\u4e24\u4e2a\u4f53\u5236\u7684\u4f18\u52a3\uff0c\u4e0d\u8a00\u81ea\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u7279\u5f81\u5c31\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bc1\u4f2a\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u79d1\u5b66\u5e76\u4e0d\u5728\u4e4e\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u5b98\u8854\u5927\u5c0f\u53ca\u5176\u89c2\u70b9\u3002\u7684\u786e\uff0c\u5728\u79d1\u5b66\u771f\u7406\u9762\u524d\u4eba\u4eba\u5e73\u7b49\u3002\u800c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u63a5\u53d7\u201c\u5b9e\u8df5\u662f\u68c0\u9a8c\u771f\u7406\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u6807\u51c6\u201d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u6743\u529b\u5e72\u9884\u5b66\u672f\u6700\u7ec8\u662f\u5f92\u52b3\u7684\uff0c\u52b3\u547d\u4f24\u8d22\u7684\uff0c\u6beb\u65e0\u4efb\u4f55\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u3002\u4e50\u5929\u5b87\u8bd5\u56fe\u5021\u5bfc\u674e\u68ee\u79d1\u5b66\u6d3e\uff0c\u6253\u538b\u6469\u5c14\u6839\u5b66\u6d3e\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5c31\u50cf\u87b3\u81c2\u6321\u8f66\u90a3\u6837\u53ef\u7b11\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728CC\u51fa\u8d70\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u5e76\u4e0d\u8d5e\u540c\u4e50\u5929\u5b87\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u6151\u4e8e\u5176\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u6beb\u65e0\u9650\u5236\u7684\u6743\u529b\u6deb\u5a01\uff0c\u591a\u91c7\u53d6\u606f\u4e8b\u5b81\u4eba\u6216\u660e\u54f2\u4fdd\u8eab\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\uff0c\u9c9c\u6709\u4eba\u516c\u5f00\u8bb2\u51e0\u53e5\u516c\u9053\u8bdd\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u7684\u59d1\u606f\u6001\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4e50\u5929\u5b87\u4eec\u66f4\u4e3a\u56a3\u5f20\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u50cf\u4e00\u4f4d\u897f\u4eba\u5728\u63cf\u8ff0\u5f53\u5e74\u5e0c\u7279\u52d2\u7684\u5d1b\u8d77\u65f6\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\uff0c\u5f53\u76d6\u4e16\u592a\u4fdd\u5728\u6293\u540c\u4e8b\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e00\u58f0\u672a\u542d\u3002\u5f53\u76d6\u4e16\u592a\u4fdd\u5728\u6293\u4ed6\u90bb\u5c45\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u4e00\u58f0\u672a\u542d\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5f53\u76d6\u4e16\u592a\u4fdd\u5728\u6293\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4ed6\u5927\u58f0\u53eb\u558a\u4e5f\u5c31\u65e0\u6d4e\u4e8e\u4e8b\u4e86\u3002\u5047\u5982\u5b58\u5728\u6709\u6548\u7684\u6743\u529b\u76d1\u7763\/\u7ea6\u675f\u7684\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5047\u5982\u5f53\u65f6\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u591a\u7684\u4eba\u633a\u8eab\u6307\u8d23\u4e50\u5929\u5b87\u4eec\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e50\u5929\u5b87\u4eec\u8fd8\u4f1a\u8086\u65e0\u5fcc\u60ee\u5730\u8feb\u5bb3CC\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4e50\u5929\u5b87\u4eec\u80fd\u5229\u7528\u4f53\u5236\u7684\u7f3a\u9677\u53d6\u5f97\u4e00\u65f6\u7684\u5f39\u51a0\u76f8\u5e86\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5176\u6c5f\u5c71\u6c38\u56fa\u3002\u4e50\u5929\u5b87\u672c\u4eba\u5728\u6587\u9769\u4e2d\u4e5f\u53d7\u5c3d\u8feb\u5bb3\u6467\u6b8b\uff0c\u5c1d\u5230\u4e86\u88ab\u6574\u7684\u6ecb\u5473\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c1d\u5230\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f53\u5236\u7684\u65e0\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u4f7f\u5f97\u56e0\u5b66\u672f\u89c1\u89e3\u4e0d\u540c\u800c\u516c\u7136\u8feb\u5bb3\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u5927\u4e3a\u51cf\u5c0f\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b66\u672f\u5e73\u5e73\u7684\u674e\u5929\u5b87\u3001\u5f20\u5929\u5b87\u4eec\u8fd8\u4f1a\u4ee5\u81ea\u5df1\u624b\u4e2d\u7684\u6743\u529b\u5bf9\u738b\u666f\u5747\u3001\u8d75\u666f\u5747\u4eec\u8fdb\u884c\u6253\u538b\u3002\u6743\u529b\u76d1\u7763\/\u7ea6\u675f\u7684\u673a\u5236\u7684\u7f3a\u4e4f\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u79d1\u7814\u9879\u76ee\u5ba1\u6279\u7684\u4e0d\u900f\u660e\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u8bb8\u591a\u6709\u624d\u80fd\u7684\u9752\u5e74\u4eba\u7684\u806a\u660e\u624d\u667a\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u5145\u5206\u7684\u53d1\u6325\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u8981\u6210\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u79d1\u6280\u5f3a\u56fd\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5438\u53d6\u5b66\u4e60\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u79d1\u6280\u7ba1\u7406\u4f53\u5236\uff0c\u7981\u6b62\u6743\u529b\u5e72\u9884\u5b66\u672f\uff0c\u7ee7\u7eed\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u522b\u65e0\u4ed6\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e5d \u7ed3\u675f\u8bed<\/strong><\/p>\n

CC\u4e8e2003\u5e7410\u670820\u65e5\u4ed9\u901d\u4e8e\u5bb6\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eab\u5e7491\u5c81\u3002\u4ed6\u662f\u5e78\u8fd0\u7684\uff1a\u59d1\u4e14\u4e0d\u8bbaCC\u7684\u7559\u7f8e\u80cc\u666f\u53ca\u5176\u7f8e\u7c4d\u59bb\u5b50\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5176\u521a\u6b63\u4e0d\u963f\u4e3a\u771f\u7406\u5b81\u6298\u4e0d\u5f2f\u7684\u4e2a\u6027\uff0c\u5f88\u96be\u60f3\u8c61\u4ed6\u4f1a\u5b89\u7136\u5ea6\u8fc7\u53cd\u53f3\u3001\u6587\u9769\u53ca\u5386\u6b21\u653f\u6cbb\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002\u800c\u5728\u65b0\u5927\u9646\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ed6\u51ed\u7740\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5929\u624d\u3001\u52e4\u594b\u3001\u5f00\u6717\u3001\u8c26\u900a\u3001\u5e7d\u9ed8\u3001\u6177\u6168\u53ca\u52a9\u4eba\u4e3a\u4e50\u800c\u58f0\u540d\u9e4a\u8d77\uff0c\u5353\u6709\u6210\u679c\u5730\u5ea6\u8fc7\u4e86\u4e00\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u4ed6\u90a3\u8fd1\u4e4e\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\u4e00\u751f\u4f3c\u4e4e\u53c8\u6709\u4e9b\u4e0d\u8db3\uff1a\u79bb\u56fd\u51fa\u8d70\u534a\u4e2a\u591a\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u4ed6\u4ece\u672a\u8e0f\u56de\u8fc7\u751f\u4e8e\u65af\uff0c\u957f\u4e8e\u65af\uff0c\u5e76\u57cb\u846c\u4e86\u4ed6\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u6545\u571f\u3002\u5f53\u5e74\u8bec\u9677\u4ed6\u201c\u53cd\u52a8\u201d\u201c\u53db\u56fd\u201d\u7684\u79cd\u79cd\u4e0d\u5b9e\u4e4b\u8f9e\u4e5f\u4ece\u672a\u5f97\u5230\u5e94\u6709\u7684\u66f4\u6b63\u548c\u5e73\u53cd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65af\u4eba\u5df2\u53bb\uff0c\u7559\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u6709\u5176\u5b66\u672f\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u662f\u5176\u4e0d\u673d\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u3002\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e50\u5929\u5b87\u6beb\u65e0\u4efb\u4f55\u5b66\u672f\u5efa\u6811\u7684\u4e00\u751f\uff0c\u674e\u666f\u5747\u5148\u751f\u5353\u6709\u6210\u679c\u7684\u4e00\u751f\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u6b63\u4e49\u7ec8\u5c06\u6218\u80dc\u90aa\u6076\uff0c\u771f\u7406\u7ec8\u5c06\u6218\u80dc\u8c2c\u8bba\u3002\u5148\u751f\u7684\u6210\u5c31\u53ca\u5176\u9ad8\u5c1a\u60c5\u64cd\uff0c\u4fc3\u4f7f\u4eba\u4eec\u53cd\u601d\u5bf9\u5176\u79bb\u56fd\u51fa\u8d70\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f7f\u4eba\u61a7\u61ac\u660e\u65e5\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u660c\u660e\u3001\u6c11\u4e3b\u8fdb\u6b65\u548c\u4eba\u6c11\u5e78\u798f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u672c\u6587\u6709\u5173\u674e\u666f\u5747\u5148\u751f\u7684\u751f\u5e73\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u53c2\u8003\u4e86Speiss 1983\u4ee5\u53ca\u53f6\u7b03\u5e84\u5148\u751f\u4e00\u6587\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u5e73\uff0c\u5219\u53c2\u8003\u4e86Wikipedia\u3002\u672c\u6587\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u300a\u79d1\u5b66\u6587\u5316\u8bc4\u8bba\u300b2008\u5e74 \u7b2c5\u5377 \u7b2c4\u671f68-89\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n

\u81f4\u8c22 \u672c\u6587\u662f\u53d7\u9976\u6bc5\u6559\u6388\u4e4b\u9080\u800c\u64b0\u5199\u7684\u3002\u5728\u64b0\u5199\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u9976\u6559\u6388\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u4e2d\u80af\u3001\u5b9d\u8d35\u7684\u610f\u89c1\u3002\u90d1\u957f\u6c5f\u535a\u58eb\u70ed\u5fc3\u5730\u4e3a\u7b14\u8005\u627e\u6765\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u6587\u732e\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5362\u5a9b\u535a\u58eb\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5b9d\u8d35\u610f\u89c1\u3002\u5728\u6b64\uff0c\u7b14\u8005\u4e00\u5e76\u8868\u793a\u8877\u5fc3\u7684\u611f\u8c22\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Hui, L. and W. Jue, Backlash disrupts\u00a0Chinaexchanges. Science, 1997. 278(5337): p.:376-7.<\/li>\n
  2. Guo, S.W., C.J. Zheng, and C.C. Li, “Gene war of the century”? Science, 1997. 278(5344): p. 1693-4.<\/li>\n
  3. uo, S.W., C.J. Zheng, and C.C. Li, Dilemma over genetics and population inChina. Nature, 1998. 394(6691): p. 313-4.<\/li>\n
  4. Spiess, E.B., Ching Chun Li, courageous scholar of population genetics, human genetics, and biostatistics: a living history essay. Am J Med Genet, 1983. 16(4): p. 603-30.<\/li>\n
  5. Steele, B., Pitt geneticist C.C. Li defied colleagues, the Chinese government before fleeing to the West., in University Times, Univeristy of Pittsburgh. 1998:\u00a0Pittsburgh. p. 3-4.<\/li>\n
  6. Li, C.C., An Introduction to Population Genetics. 1948, Peking:\u00a0NationalPekingUniversity.<\/li>\n
  7. Li, C.C., To the memory of the fallen Nikolai Ivanovich Vavilov. J Hered, 1987. 76: p. 343.<\/li>\n
  8. Li, C.C., Book Review: Lysenkoism in\u00a0China. Journal of Heredity, 1987. 78: p. 339-40.<\/li>\n
  9. Crow, J., Book Review: An Introduction to Population Genetics. Am J Hum Genet, 1950. 1(3): p. 279-80.<\/li>\n
  10. Chakravarti, A., 1998 ASHG Award for Excellence in Education. Professor Ching Chun Li, courageous scholar and educator. Am J Hum Genet, 1999. 64(1): p. 14-5.<\/li>\n
  11. Chakravarti, A., Ching CHun Li (1912-2003): A personal remembrance of a hero of genetics. . Am J Hum Genet, 2004. 74: p. 789-792.<\/li>\n
  12. Majumder, P.P., C. C. Li (1912-2003): his science and his spirit. J Genet, 2004. 83(1): p. 101-5.<\/li>\n
  13. Spiess, E.B., Remembrance of Ching Chun Li, 1912-2003. Genetics, 2005. 169(1): p. 9-11.<\/li>\n
  14. Chen, T. and J. Tai, A conversation with C. C. Li. . Statist Sci, 1998. 13: p. 378-387.<\/li>\n
  15. \u53f6\u7b03\u5e84,\u4e00\u4ee3\u9057\u4f20\u5b97\u5e08\u674e\u666f\u5747\u4f55\u6545\u53bb\u56fd.\u708e\u9ec4\u6625\u79cb, 1997. 7: p. 35-41.<\/li>\n
  16. \u7b11\u8700.\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u4e0e\u53cc\u767e\u65b9\u9488\uff08\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e0b\uff09. [cited; www.tecn.cn\/data\/detail.php?id=7684].<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u4e0d\u80fd\u8bb0\u4f4f\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u4eba\u6ce8\u5b9a\u8981\u91cd\u8e48\u8986\u8f99\u3002 \u2014\u2014\u6851\u5854\u96c5\u90a3\uff08George Santayana\uff09 \u6587\u7ae0\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u5317\u4eac\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b66\u9662 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":5485,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5483","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-6","category-light"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/chinademocrats.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5483","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/chinademocrats.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/chinademocrats.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chinademocrats.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chinademocrats.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5483"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/chinademocrats.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5483\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5487,"href":"https:\/\/chinademocrats.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5483\/revisions\/5487"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chinademocrats.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/5485"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/chinademocrats.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5483"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chinademocrats.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5483"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/chinademocrats.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5483"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}