{"id":7406,"date":"2026-10-08T20:43:05","date_gmt":"2026-10-09T00:43:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chinademocrats.org\/?p=7406"},"modified":"2026-10-08T20:43:05","modified_gmt":"2026-10-09T00:43:05","slug":"edward-goldring%e3%80%8a%e6%b8%85%e6%b4%97%ef%bc%9a%e7%8b%ac%e8%a3%81%e8%80%85%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%b8%ba%e7%94%9f%e5%ad%98%e8%80%8c%e6%88%98%e3%80%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chinademocrats.org\/?p=7406","title":{"rendered":"Edward Goldring\u300a\u6e05\u6d17\uff1a\u72ec\u88c1\u8005\u5982\u4f55\u4e3a\u751f\u5b58\u800c\u6218\u300b"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 dir=\"ltr\"><strong>\u7f16\u6309<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">9 \u6708 21 \u65e5\uff0c\u65b0\u534e\u793e\u901a\u62a5\uff1a\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u59d4\u5458\u3001\u4e2d\u592e\u519b\u59d4\u526f\u4e3b\u5e2d\u5f20\u53c8\u4fa0\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e2d\u592e\u519b\u59d4\u59d4\u5458\u3001\u539f\u519b\u59d4\u8054\u5408\u53c2\u8c0b\u90e8\u53c2\u8c0b\u957f\u5218\u632f\u7acb\uff0c\u88ab\u5f00\u9664\u515a\u7c4d\u3001\u519b\u7c4d\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u79bb\u4e8c\u5341\u5c4a\u4e94\u4e2d\u5168\u4f1a\u53ec\u5f00\uff0810 \u6708 26\u201329 \u65e5\uff09\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u6708\u3002<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u4e2d\u5171\u9ad8\u7ea7\u5c06\u9886\u63a5\u8fde\u843d\u9a6c\uff0c\u5916\u754c\u5e38\u628a\u5b83\u7b80\u5355\u5f52\u4e3a\u201c\u53cd\u8150\u201d\u6216\u201c\u6743\u6597\u201d\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u5957\u5206\u6790\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u58a8\u5c14\u672c\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u8005 Edward Goldring \u7684\u65b0\u8457\u300a\u6e05\u6d17\uff1a\u72ec\u88c1\u8005\u5982\u4f55\u4e3a\u751f\u5b58\u800c\u6218\u300b\uff08\u5eb7\u5948\u5c14\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2026\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5 1991\u20132015 \u5e74\u5168\u7403\u5a01\u6743\u653f\u4f53\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u628a\u7cbe\u82f1\u6e05\u6d17\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u7c7b\uff1a\u5de9\u56fa\u6743\u529b\u3001\u60e9\u7f5a\u4e0d\u5fe0\u3001\u5bfb\u627e\u66ff\u7f6a\u7f8a\u3002\u4e09\u7c7b\u6e05\u6d17\u7684\u6210\u6548\u90fd\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u65f6\u673a\u4e0e\u5bf9\u8c61\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul dir=\"ltr\">\n<li>\u4efb\u671f\u4e4b\u521d\u7684\u5de9\u56fa\u578b\u6e05\u6d17\u5f80\u5f80\u594f\u6548\uff1b\u5230\u4e86\u4efb\u671f\u672b\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u5bb9\u6613\u62db\u81f4\u7cbe\u82f1\u7684\u534f\u540c\u62b5\u5236\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u653f\u53d8\u5931\u8d25\u540e\u7684\u60e9\u7f5a\u6027\u6e05\u6d17\u786e\u5b9e\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u4f46\u9760\u7684\u662f\u628a\u4e0d\u5fe0\u8005\u6e05\u9664\u51fa\u5c40\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u6740\u4e00\u5106\u767e\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u66ff\u7f6a\u578b\u6e05\u6d17\u53ea\u80fd\u4e89\u53d6\u7acb\u573a\u6447\u6446\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u6c11\u4f17\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u5728 8 \u6708\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u8bbf\u8c08\u4e2d\u5766\u8a00\uff1a\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u8fd1\u4e00\u5e74\u6765\u6e05\u6d17\u5927\u6279\u5c06\u9886\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u4ed6\u4eb2\u624b\u63d0\u62d4\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u201c\u672a\u5fc5\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u91ca\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u6b21\u8bbf\u8c08\u65e9\u4e8e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u901a\u62a5\u3002\u4e00\u4f4d\u7814\u7a76\u6e05\u6d17\u7684\u4e13\u5bb6\u627f\u8ba4\u89e3\u91ca\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u8fd9\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u63d0\u9192\u6211\u4eec\uff0c\u5916\u754c\u5bf9\u4e2d\u5171\u519b\u4e2d\u653f\u6cbb\u6240\u77e5\u751a\u5c11\u3002<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u672c\u7ad9\u636e New Books Network \u7684\u8bbf\u8c08\u97f3\u9891\u7f16\u8bd1\u6574\u7406\u6b64\u4e66\u8981\u70b9\uff0c\u4f9b\u8bfb\u8005\u53c2\u8003\u3002<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">New Books Network \u8bbf\u8c08\uff1aEdward Goldring, <em>Purges: How Dictators Fight to Survive<\/em>\uff08Cornell University Press, 2026\uff09\u3002\u4e3b\u6301\u4eba Miranda Melcher\uff0c2026 \u5e74 8 \u6708 24 \u65e5\u53d1\u5e03\u3002<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/newbooksnetwork.com\/purges\">https:\/\/newbooksnetwork.com\/purges<\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7407\" src=\"https:\/\/chinademocrats.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/content.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"128\" height=\"192\" \/><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>\u4e00\u3001\u6838\u5fc3\u8bba\u70b9\uff1a\u6e05\u6d17\u662f\u72ec\u88c1\u8005\u6700\u201c\u8001\u6d3e\u201d\u3001\u4e5f\u6700\u88ab\u5ffd\u89c6\u7684\u751f\u5b58\u5de5\u5177<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Goldring \u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728 2017 \u5e74\u786e\u5b9a\u535a\u58eb\u8bba\u6587\u9898\u76ee\u65f6\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\uff0c\u5a01\u6743\u653f\u6cbb\u7814\u7a76\u4e3b\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u4e24\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul dir=\"ltr\">\n<li>\u72ec\u88c1\u8005\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528\u653f\u515a\u3001\u9009\u4e3e\u3001\u8bae\u4f1a\u3001\u53f8\u6cd5\u7b49\u201c\u540d\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u5236\u5ea6\u201d\u7ef4\u6301\u7edf\u6cbb\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u3001\u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u4f53\u3001\u76d1\u63a7\u6444\u50cf\u5934\u7b49\u201c\u7cbe\u5de7\u7684\u5a01\u6743\u5de5\u5177\u201d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6e05\u6d17\u8fd9\u79cd\u5f80\u5f80\u4f34\u968f\u66b4\u529b\u7684\u8001\u529e\u6cd5\uff0c\u5728\u65b0\u95fb\u91cc\u968f\u5904\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u5b66\u754c\u5374\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u4eba\u7cfb\u7edf\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u4ed6\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u4f8b\u5916\u662f Jun Koga Sudduth \u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u3002<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u76f4\u63a5\u89e6\u53d1\u4ed6\u5173\u6ce8\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9898\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e1c\u4e9a\u6848\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul dir=\"ltr\">\n<li>\u91d1\u6b63\u6069\u4e0a\u53f0\u540e\u53d1\u52a8\u591a\u8d77\u9ad8\u8c03\u6e05\u6d17\uff0c2013 \u5e74 12 \u6708\u5904\u51b3\u4e86\u59d1\u7236\u5f20\u6210\u6cfd\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u6267\u653f\u521d\u671f\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6e05\u6d17\uff0c\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u57fa\u5c42\u5b98\u5458\uff0c\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u91cd\u91cf\u7ea7\u4eba\u7269\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u4e66\u4e2d\u628a\u201c\u6e05\u6d17\u201d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\uff1a\u628a\u67d0\u4eba\u4ece\u653f\u6743\u7684\u67d0\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4e2d\u6e05\u9664\u51fa\u53bb\u3002\u5168\u4e66\u53ea\u7814\u7a76\u201c\u7cbe\u82f1\u6e05\u6d17\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u9488\u5bf9\u72ec\u88c1\u8005\u6838\u5fc3\u5708\u5b50\u6210\u5458\u7684\u6e05\u6d17\uff0c\u4e0d\u8ba8\u8bba\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6e05\u6d17\u57fa\u5c42\u5b98\u5458\u3002\u7406\u7531\u662f\uff0c\u6309\u8036\u9c81\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u8005 Milan Svolik \u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u72ec\u88c1\u8005\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u9996\u8981\u5a01\u80c1\u6765\u81ea\u653f\u6743\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u7cbe\u82f1\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u666e\u901a\u6c11\u4f17\u3002<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u63d0\u51fa\u6e05\u6d17\u7684\u4e09\u5927\u52a8\u673a\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol dir=\"ltr\">\n<li><strong>\u5de9\u56fa\u6743\u529b<\/strong>\uff1a\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u519b\u65b9\u7cbe\u82f1\uff0c\u591a\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u4efb\u671f\u4e4b\u521d\u548c\u4efb\u671f\u672b\u5c3e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\u6b63\u662f\u72ec\u88c1\u8005\u6700\u9700\u8981\u5de9\u56fa\u6743\u529b\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u60e9\u7f5a\u4e0d\u5fe0<\/strong>\uff1a\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u519b\u65b9\u7cbe\u82f1\uff0c\u591a\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u653f\u53d8\u672a\u9042\u7b49\u4e0d\u5fe0\u8ff9\u8c61\u51fa\u73b0\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u9632\u6b62\u5a01\u80c1\u518d\u8d77\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5bfb\u627e\u66ff\u7f6a\u7f8a<\/strong>\uff1a\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u6587\u804c\u7cbe\u82f1\uff0c\u591a\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f4e\u8ff7\u6216\u7a81\u53d1\u51b2\u51fb\u7b49\u201c\u8d1f\u9762\u653f\u7b56\u7ed3\u679c\u201d\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5e73\u606f\u6c11\u4f17\u7684\u4e0d\u6ee1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u4f5c\u8005\u4e5f\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u6e05\u6d17\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u4e8e\u4e2a\u4eba\u5316\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e09\u79cd\u662f\u4e3b\u8981\u52a8\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>\u4e8c\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u3001\u5b9a\u6027\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e0e\u8c03\u67e5\u5b9e\u9a8c<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol dir=\"ltr\">\n<li><strong>\u5168\u7403\u6570\u636e\u96c6<\/strong>\n<ul dir=\"ltr\">\n<li>\u4ee5\u73b0\u6709\u653f\u4f53\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u754c\u5b9a\u6837\u672c\uff0c\u6db5\u76d6\u51b7\u6218\u540e 1991\u20132015 \u5e74\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u7684\u5a01\u6743\u653f\u4f53\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u9010\u4e00\u5224\u65ad\u6bcf\u4e2a\u653f\u4f53\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u5e74\u662f\u5426\u53d1\u751f\u8fc7\u6587\u804c\u7cbe\u82f1\u6e05\u6d17\u6216\u519b\u65b9\u7cbe\u82f1\u6e05\u6d17\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8d44\u6599\u6765\u6e90\u5305\u62ec\u65b0\u95fb\u62a5\u9053\u3001\u5b66\u672f\u8457\u4f5c\u3001\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u653f\u5e9c\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u8bb2\u8bdd\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u53ea\u8bb0\u201c\u662f\uff0f\u5426\u201d\uff0c\u4e0d\u8ba1\u6570\u91cf<\/strong>\n<ul dir=\"ltr\">\n<li>\u4f5c\u8005\u523b\u610f\u91c7\u7528\u4e8c\u5143\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5373\u53ea\u8bb0\u5f55\u5f53\u5e74\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u751f\u6e05\u6d17\uff0c\u4e0d\u8bb0\u5f55\u6e05\u6d17\u4eba\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u4ed6\u5e38\u5e38\u80fd\u9ad8\u5ea6\u786e\u4fe1\u67d0\u5e74\u53d1\u751f\u8fc7\u519b\u65b9\u6e05\u6d17\uff0c\u5374\u65e0\u6cd5\u786e\u5b9a\u5177\u4f53\u6e05\u6d17\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\u4eba\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4ed6\u5766\u627f\u4efb\u4f55\u6e05\u6d17\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u90fd\u96be\u514d\u6709\u8bef\u5dee\u3002\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u5df2\u516c\u5f00\uff0c\u53e6\u9644\u9010\u5e74\u9010\u56fd\u7684\u5b9a\u6027\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5b9a\u6027\u6848\u4f8b\u5206\u6790<\/strong>\uff1a\u9010\u4e00\u8003\u5bdf 1991\u20132015 \u5e74\u95f4\u6240\u6709\u201c\u653f\u53d8\u672a\u9042\u4e4b\u540e\u968f\u5373\u6e05\u6d17\u519b\u65b9\u201d\u7684\u5a01\u6743\u6848\u4f8b\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u8c03\u67e5\u5b9e\u9a8c<\/strong>\n<ul dir=\"ltr\">\n<li>2023 \u5e74 2 \u6708\u571f\u8033\u5176\u5927\u5730\u9707\u540e\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u53c2\u4e0e\u4e86\u4e00\u9879\u66f4\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u4e00\u573a\u5047\u60f3\u7684\u66ff\u7f6a\u578b\u6e05\u6d17\uff0c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5b83\u80fd\u5426\u6539\u53d8\u6c11\u4f17\u5bf9\u57c3\u5c14\u591a\u5b89\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8c03\u67e5\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a\u968f\u673a\u7ed9\u53d7\u8bbf\u8005\u770b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u60c5\u5883\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u4ed6\u4eec\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5f53\u4ee3\u6848\u4f8b\u5e94\u7528<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u5168\u4e66\u672b\u7ae0\uff0c\u628a\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7406\u8bba\u7528\u4e8e\u5206\u6790\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u3001\u666e\u4eac\u548c\u91d1\u6b63\u6069\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>\u4e09\u3001\u4e3b\u8981\u53d1\u73b0<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol dir=\"ltr\">\n<li><strong>\u60e9\u7f5a\u578b\u6e05\u6d17\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u9760\u9707\u6151<\/strong>\n<ul dir=\"ltr\">\n<li>\u653f\u53d8\u5931\u8d25\u540e\u6e05\u6d17\u519b\u65b9\u7cbe\u82f1\uff0c\u786e\u5b9e\u80fd\u964d\u4f4e\u65e5\u540e\u518d\u53d1\u751f\u653f\u53d8\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ed3\u8bba\u4e0e Easton \u548c Siverson 2018 \u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u300a\u548c\u5e73\u7814\u7a76\u671f\u520a\u300b\uff08Journal of Peace Research\uff09\u4e0a\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4f46\u5b83\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u628a\u4e0d\u5fe0\u8005\u76f4\u63a5\u6e05\u9664\u51fa\u5c40\uff1a\u88ab\u76d1\u7981\u3001\u5904\u51b3\u6216\u6d41\u653e\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u65e0\u6cd5\u518d\u6784\u6210\u5a01\u80c1\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u6587\u732e\u5e38\u8bf4\u6e05\u6d17\u80fd\u201c\u6740\u4e00\u5106\u767e\u201d\u3001\u5413\u963b\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5bc6\u8c0b\u8005\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u6240\u6709\u6848\u4f8b\u4e2d\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u627e\u5230\u652f\u6301\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bf4\u6cd5\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u963f\u585e\u62dc\u7586\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a1994 \u5e74\u6709\u4eba\u53d1\u52a8\u653f\u53d8\u53cd\u5bf9\u603b\u7edf\u6d77\u8fbe\u5c14\u00b7\u963f\u5229\u8036\u592b\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u906d\u6e05\u6d17\uff0c\u4f46\u5173\u952e\u4eba\u7269\u3001\u5185\u52a1\u90e8\u526f\u90e8\u957f\u8d3e\u74e6\u591a\u592b\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u6e05\u6d17\u30021995 \u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u518d\u5ea6\u53d1\u52a8\u653f\u53d8\uff0c\u5175\u8d25\u88ab\u6740\u3002\u6b64\u540e\u963f\u5229\u8036\u592b\u5728\u4efb\u671f\u95f4\u518d\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u751f\u653f\u53d8\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5de9\u56fa\u578b\u6e05\u6d17\uff1a\u4efb\u671f\u521d\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u4efb\u671f\u672b\u6613\u5931\u8d25<\/strong>\n<ul dir=\"ltr\">\n<li>\u65b0\u4e0a\u53f0\u7684\u72ec\u88c1\u8005\u529b\u91cf\u8f83\u5f31\uff0c\u6e05\u6d17\u98ce\u9669\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u5f80\u5f80\u80fd\u6210\u529f\uff1a\u8981\u4e48\u65e0\u4eba\u53cd\u6297\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u53cd\u6297\u80fd\u88ab\u538b\u5236\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5230\u4e86\u7edf\u6cbb\u540e\u671f\uff0c\u72ec\u88c1\u8005\u5f00\u59cb\u4e3a\u63a5\u73ed\u5e03\u5c40\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u6e05\u6d17\u5c31\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u6210\u529f\u3002\u5173\u952e\u5728\u4e8e\u7cbe\u82f1\u7684\u201c\u65f6\u95f4\u89c6\u91ce\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u72ec\u88c1\u8005\u8fd8\u80fd\u6267\u653f\u591a\u4e45\u7684\u9884\u671f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7cbe\u82f1\u4eec\u90fd\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u72ec\u88c1\u8005\u65f6\u65e5\u65e0\u591a\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u77e5\u9053\u5f7c\u6b64\u90fd\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u534f\u540c\u62b5\u5236\u6e05\u6d17\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u6d25\u5df4\u5e03\u97e6\uff1a\u7a46\u52a0\u8d1d\u4e3a\u6276\u690d\u59bb\u5b50\u683c\u857e\u4e1d\u63a5\u73ed\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u6e05\u6d17\u59c6\u5357\u52a0\u53e4\u74e6\uff08\u73b0\u4efb\u6d25\u5df4\u5e03\u97e6\u603b\u7edf\uff09\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u7a46\u52a0\u8d1d\u672c\u4eba\u968f\u540e\u88ab\u8d76\u4e0b\u53f0\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u66ff\u7f6a\u578b\u6e05\u6d17\u662f\u516c\u5f00\u7684\uff0c\u6f14\u7ed9\u6c11\u4f17\u770b<\/strong>\n<ul dir=\"ltr\">\n<li>\u5ba3\u4f20\u3001\u501f\u5236\u5ea6\u8f6c\u79fb\u8d23\u4efb\u8fd9\u7c7b\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u524d\u6570\u6708\u751a\u81f3\u6570\u5e74\u5e03\u5c40\uff1b\u6e05\u6d17\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e34\u65f6\u542f\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u64a4\u6362\u4e3b\u7ba1\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u7b49\u6c11\u751f\u9886\u57df\u7684\u6587\u804c\u5b98\u5458\uff0c\u4e00\u662f\u5411\u6c11\u4f17\u8868\u660e\u201c\u4e0d\u6ee1\u5df2\u88ab\u542c\u5230\u3001\u653f\u7b56\u5c06\u4f1a\u8c03\u6574\u201d\uff0c\u4e8c\u662f\u6ee1\u8db3\u6c11\u4f17\u8ffd\u7a76\u8d23\u4efb\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u5df2\u6709\u7814\u7a76\uff08\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff09\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u6c11\u4f17\u906d\u9047\u56f0\u5883\u65f6\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u5bfb\u627e\u53ef\u4ee5\u95ee\u8d23\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6548\u679c\u6709\u9650\uff1a\u5728\u571f\u8033\u5176\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\uff0c\u66ff\u7f6a\u6e05\u6d17\u53ea\u6539\u5584\u4e86\u4e2d\u95f4\u6c11\u4f17\u5bf9\u57c3\u5c14\u591a\u5b89\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\uff1b\u5bf9\u5df2\u7ecf\u575a\u5b9a\u652f\u6301\u6267\u653f\u8005\u6216\u53cd\u5bf9\u6d3e\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>\u56db\u3001\u5173\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\uff08\u517c\u53ca\u671d\u9c9c\u3001\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u4f5c\u8005\u5766\u8a00\uff0c\u9009\u8fd9\u4e09\u4f4d\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u770b\u91cd\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5730\u7f18\u653f\u6cbb\u5206\u91cf\uff0c\u4f46\u4e09\u4eba\u6267\u653f\u65f6\u95f4\u90fd\u5df2\u5f88\u957f\u3002\u56de\u5934\u770b\uff0c\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5e94\u8be5\u9009\u4e00\u4e24\u4f4d\u521a\u4e0a\u53f0\u4e0d\u4e45\u7684\u72ec\u88c1\u8005\uff0c\u672b\u7ae0\u4f1a\u66f4\u6709\u610f\u601d\u3002<\/p>\n<ul dir=\"ltr\">\n<li><strong>\u91d1\u6b63\u6069<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e0a\u53f0\u540e\uff0c2012 \u5e74\u5373\u6e05\u6d17\u4e86\u674e\u82f1\u6d69\u7b49\u519b\u65b9\u9ad8\u5c42\uff0c\u7b26\u5408\u201c\u4efb\u671f\u521d\u4ee5\u6e05\u6d17\u5de9\u56fa\u6743\u529b\u201d\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u8bf4\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u8bc1\u636e\u663e\u793a\u91d1\u6b63\u6069\u9700\u8981\u7528\u6e05\u6d17\u6765\u60e9\u7f5a\u4e0d\u5fe0\u3002\u5982\u679c\u671d\u9c9c\u518d\u9047\u5230\u65f1\u6d9d\u7b49\u5929\u707e\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u53c8\u5e94\u5bf9\u5931\u5f53\uff0c\u4ed6\u53ef\u80fd\u518d\u6b21\u6e05\u6d17\u6587\u804c\u5b98\u5458\u5145\u5f53\u66ff\u7f6a\u7f8a\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u666e\u4eac<\/strong>\uff1a\u65e9\u671f\u4e5f\u7528\u6e05\u6d17\u5de9\u56fa\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u4e5f\u66fe\u9488\u5bf9\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u4e0d\u5fe0\u4e0b\u624b\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u666e\u4eac\u4e0e\u5165\u4fb5\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u7ed1\u5b9a\u592a\u6df1\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u7684\u5ba3\u4f20\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f88\u96be\u627e\u4eba\u66ff\u6218\u4e89\u672c\u8eab\u80cc\u9505\uff1b\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u6218\u4e89\u5f15\u53d1\u7ecf\u6d4e\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u6e05\u6d17\u6587\u804c\u5b98\u5458\u6765\u8f6c\u79fb\u8d23\u4efb\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u662f\u4e09\u8005\u4e2d\u201c\u6700\u6709\u610f\u601d\u201d\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u3002<\/strong>\n<ul dir=\"ltr\">\n<li>\u7b26\u5408\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u4e60\u6267\u653f\u521d\u671f\u6e05\u6d17\u90e8\u5206\u519b\u65b9\u7cbe\u82f1\uff0c\u501f\u6b64\u5de9\u56fa\u6743\u529b\u3001\u638c\u63a7\u89e3\u653e\u519b\uff1b\u6b64\u540e\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e5f\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u66ff\u7f6a\u578b\u6e05\u6d17\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u89e3\u91ca\u4e0d\u4e86\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u4e60\u8fd1\u4e00\u5e74\u6765\u6e05\u6d17\u5927\u6279\u519b\u65b9\u5c06\u9886\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u4ed6\u4eb2\u81ea\u63d0\u62d4\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u5766\u8a00\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u672a\u5fc5\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u91ca\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6309\u4e66\u4e2d\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u3002\u4e00\u662f\u4e3a\u63a5\u73ed\u95ee\u9898\u91cd\u65b0\u5de9\u56fa\u6743\u529b\uff1a\u4f5c\u8005\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf7\u6559\u8fc7\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u95ee\u9898\u4e13\u5bb6\u4e0d\u8fd9\u6837\u770b\uff0c\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u4e5f\u540c\u610f\u3002\u4e8c\u662f\u60e9\u7f5a\u4e0d\u5fe0\uff1a\u4ed6\u5f15\u8ff0\u201c\u4e00\u4e9b\u62a5\u9053\u201d\u8bf4\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u5c06\u9886\u5728\u519b\u4e8b\u8d44\u6e90\u5206\u914d\u4e0a\u4e0e\u4e60\u6709\u5206\u6b67\uff0c\u4e60\u5e0c\u671b\u4f18\u5148\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5bf9\u53f0\u4f5c\u6218\u505a\u51c6\u5907\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u5c06\u9886\u5219\u5e0c\u671b\u628a\u8d44\u6e90\u6295\u5411\u522b\u5904\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4ed6\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u8fd8\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u90fd\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u4ee4\u4eba\u6ee1\u610f\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u503c\u5f97\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6848\u4f8b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p 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