{"id":7420,"date":"2026-10-10T05:48:23","date_gmt":"2026-10-10T09:48:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chinademocrats.org\/?p=7420"},"modified":"2026-10-10T05:57:07","modified_gmt":"2026-10-10T09:57:07","slug":"%e4%bb%8e%e4%b8%87%e5%b9%b4%e5%8f%8b%e8%b0%8a%e5%88%b0%e7%9b%b8%e4%ba%92%e5%88%b6%e8%a1%a1%ef%bc%9a%e4%b8%ad%e5%9b%bd%e4%b8%8e%e4%bf%84%e7%bd%97%e6%96%af%e7%9a%84%e5%8e%86%e5%8f%b2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chinademocrats.org\/?p=7420","title":{"rendered":"\u4ece\u201c\u4e07\u5e74\u53cb\u8c0a\u201d\u5230\u76f8\u4e92\u5236\u8861\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e0e\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u7ea0\u845b"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e66\u8bc4\uff1a\u7d22\u4f26\u00b7\u4e4c\u5c14\u73ed\u65af\u57fa\uff08S\u00f6ren Urbansky\uff09\u4e0e\u9a6c\u4e01\u00b7\u74e6\u683c\u7eb3\uff08Martin Wagner\uff09\u5408\u8457\u7684\u300aChina und Russland: Kurze Geschichte einer langen Beziehung\u300b\uff08\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e0e\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\uff1a\u4e00\u6bb5\u6f2b\u957f\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u7b80\u53f2\u300b\uff09<\/p>\n

\"S\u00f6ren<\/p>\n

\n
1958\u5e74\uff0c\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u5411\u82cf\u8054\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u8d6b\u9c81\u6653\u592b\u5ba3\u79f0\uff0c\u4e2d\u82cf\u5408\u4f5c\u6ce8\u5b9a\u8981\u6301\u7eed\u4e00\u4e07\u5e74\u3002\u8d6b\u9c81\u6653\u592b\u5e7d\u9ed8\u56de\u5e94\u8bf4\uff1a\u4e24\u4eba\u4e0d\u59a8\u7b49\u52309999\u5e74\u540e\u518d\u89c1\u9762\uff0c\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e00\u4e07\u5e74\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u3002\u8bbd\u523a\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4e24\u5e74\u540e\u4e2d\u82cf\u8054\u76df\u5b9e\u8d28\u6027\u7834\u88c2\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u82cf\u8054\u706d\u4ea1\u524d\u5915\u4e24\u56fd\u5173\u7cfb\u624d\u6062\u590d\u6b63\u5e38\u5316\u3002<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fe1\u8a93\u65e6\u65e6\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u51b7\u5632\u70ed\u8bbd\uff0c\u8fd9\u6bb5\u5bf9\u8bdd\u4eff\u4f5b\u63d0\u524d\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u4e2d\u4fc4\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5bbf\u547d\uff1a\u8d8a\u662f\u9ad8\u8c03\u5ba3\u793a\u4eb2\u5bc6\uff0c\u8d8a\u96be\u63a9\u76d6\u5f7c\u6b64\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u731c\u5fcc\u4e0e\u7ade\u4e89\u3002<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4ece\u5916\u4ea4\u8bef\u4f1a\u5230\u9886\u571f\u4e89\u593a\uff1a\u5e1d\u56fd\u6269\u5f20\u7559\u4e0b\u7684\u4f24\u75d5<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u672c\u4e66\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u5728\u4e8e\u5c06\u4e2d\u4fc4\u5173\u7cfb\u653e\u56de\u56db\u767e\u4f59\u5e74\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u8109\u7edc\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4e24\u56fd\u5173\u7cfb\u5e76\u975e\u59cb\u7ec8\u6cbf\u7740\u53cb\u597d\u6216\u654c\u5bf9\u7684\u5355\u4e00\u8f68\u8ff9\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u53d7\u5230\u9886\u571f\u6269\u5f20\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u5236\u5ea6\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5229\u76ca\u548c\u56fd\u9645\u529b\u91cf\u683c\u5c40\u7684\u5171\u540c\u5851\u9020\u3002<\/p>\n

1618\u5e74\uff0c\u4fc4\u56fd\u4f7f\u8005\u4f0a\u4e07\u00b7\u5f7c\u7279\u6797\u5386\u7ecf\u8270\u8f9b\u62b5\u8fbe\u5317\u4eac\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u65c5\u9014\u4e2d\u60ca\u53f9\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u7e41\u534e\uff0c\u5374\u672a\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97\u660e\u671d\u4e07\u5386\u7687\u5e1d\u7684\u63a5\u89c1\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6ca1\u6709\u643a\u5e26\u7b26\u5408\u671d\u5ef7\u793c\u4eea\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u8d21\u793c\u548c\u5916\u4ea4\u6388\u6743\uff0c\u8fd9\u6b21\u4f7f\u547d\u6700\u7ec8\u65e0\u529f\u800c\u8fd4\u3002\u66f4\u5177\u8bbd\u523a\u610f\u5473\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7687\u5e1d\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef6\u9001\u5230\u4fc4\u56fd\u540e\uff0c\u7adf\u56e0\u65e0\u4eba\u901a\u6653\u4e2d\u6587\u800c\u88ab\u6401\u7f6e\u534a\u4e2a\u591a\u4e16\u7eaa\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ec6\u8282\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u65e9\u671f\u4e2d\u4fc4\u4ea4\u5f80\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53d7\u5230\u5730\u7406\u8ddd\u79bb\u7684\u963b\u9694\uff0c\u4e5f\u53d7\u5236\u4e8e\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5916\u4ea4\u89c2\u5ff5\u4e0e\u6587\u5316\u8ba4\u77e5\u3002<\/p>\n

1689\u5e74\uff0c\u4e24\u56fd\u5728\u5c3c\u5e03\u695a\u7b7e\u8ba2\u6761\u7ea6\u3002\u5728\u8036\u7a23\u4f1a\u58eb\u7684\u534f\u52a9\u4e0b\uff0c\u53cc\u65b9\u901a\u8fc7\u8c08\u5224\u5212\u5b9a\u52bf\u529b\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u4e3a\u6b64\u540e\u7ea6\u4e00\u4e2a\u534a\u4e16\u7eaa\u76f8\u5bf9\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u8336\u53f6\u8d38\u6613\u4e5f\u9010\u6e10\u6210\u4e3a\u8fde\u63a5\u4e24\u56fd\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7ebd\u5e26\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6761\u7ea6\u6240\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u548c\u5e73\u5e76\u672a\u6d88\u9664\u53cc\u65b9\u5bf9\u8fb9\u7586\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u3002<\/p>\n

19\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u53f6\uff0c\u6e05\u671d\u8870\u5f31\u4e3a\u4fc4\u56fd\u7684\u9886\u571f\u6269\u5f20\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u673a\u4f1a\u30021858\u5e74\u7684\u300a\u7477\u73f2\u6761\u7ea6\u300b\u53ca\u6b64\u540e\u7684\u300a\u5317\u4eac\u6761\u7ea6\u300b\uff0c\u4f7f\u6e05\u671d\u4e27\u5931\u9ed1\u9f99\u6c5f\u4ee5\u5317\u3001\u4e4c\u82cf\u91cc\u6c5f\u4ee5\u4e1c\u7684\u5927\u7247\u9886\u571f\uff0c\u4fc4\u56fd\u7531\u6b64\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5de9\u56fa\u4e86\u5176\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u6218\u7565\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u7279\u522b\u5173\u6ce8\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5728\u4e2d\u4fc4\u4e24\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u8bb0\u5fc6\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1a\u5bf9\u4fc4\u56fd\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5f80\u5f80\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5e1d\u56fd\u6269\u5f20\u7684\u6210\u5c31\uff1b\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5374\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u8fd1\u4ee3\u4e3b\u6743\u53d7\u635f\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u521b\u4f24\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u53cb\u8c0a\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u9762\uff1a\u9769\u547d\u7406\u60f3\u4e0e\u6743\u529b\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u8fdb\u516520\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u9010\u6e10\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u7ade\u4e89\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u5e76\u672a\u5c06\u4e2d\u82cf\u7ed3\u76df\u7b80\u5355\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u5171\u540c\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u9769\u547d\u7406\u60f3\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n

1920\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u82cf\u4fc4\u8bd5\u56fe\u5f71\u54cd\u4e2d\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u63a8\u52a8\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4e0e\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5efa\u7acb\u7edf\u4e00\u6218\u7ebf\uff0c\u5bc4\u5e0c\u671b\u4e8e\u5148\u5b8c\u6210\u6c11\u65cf\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u518d\u63a8\u8fdb\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u9769\u547d\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6218\u7565\u5b89\u6392\u5e76\u672a\u6d88\u9664\u4e2d\u56fd\u9769\u547d\u8005\u4e0e\u82cf\u8054\u9886\u5bfc\u5c42\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5206\u6b67\u30021927\u5e74\uff0c\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6e05\u6d17\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4eba\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u56fd\u5171\u5408\u4f5c\u7834\u88c2\u3002\u9769\u547d\u9053\u8def\u7684\u51b2\u7a81\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u56fd\u9645\u4e3b\u4e49\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5404\u65b9\u5229\u76ca\u59cb\u7ec8\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n

1950\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u82cf\u7b7e\u8ba2\u300a\u4e2d\u82cf\u53cb\u597d\u540c\u76df\u4e92\u52a9\u6761\u7ea6\u300b\uff0c\u4e24\u56fd\u5173\u7cfb\u8fdb\u5165\u65b0\u7684\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u82cf\u8054\u5411\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u5de5\u4e1a\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e0e\u6280\u672f\u63f4\u52a9\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5219\u5728\u76f8\u5f53\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u63a5\u53d7\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u4f46\u4f5c\u8005\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5173\u7cfb\u5e76\u975e\u5e73\u7b49\u4e92\u52a9\u3002\u82cf\u8054\u4ecd\u7136\u4fdd\u6709\u90e8\u5206\u5386\u53f2\u7279\u6743\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6280\u672f\u63f4\u52a9\u4e5f\u5e76\u975e\u65e0\u507f\u30021952\u5e74\uff0c\u65af\u5927\u6797\u4e0e\u5468\u6069\u6765\u8ba8\u8bba\u8d38\u6613\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5c06\u6a61\u80f6\u4f9b\u5e94\u4e0e\u82cf\u8054\u5411\u4e2d\u56fd\u4ea4\u4ed8\u5361\u8f66\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u4e0a\u7684\u5144\u5f1f\u60c5\u8c0a\uff0c\u81f3\u6b64\u663e\u9732\u51fa\u9c9c\u660e\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u4ea4\u6362\u8272\u5f69\u3002<\/p>\n

1956\u5e74\uff0c\u8d6b\u9c81\u6653\u592b\u6279\u5224\u65af\u5927\u6797\u7684\u79d8\u5bc6\u62a5\u544a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u51b2\u51fb\u4e86\u4e24\u56fd\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5bf9\u82cf\u8054\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u53bb\u65af\u5927\u6797\u5316\u610f\u5473\u7740\u91cd\u65b0\u8bc4\u4ef7\u8fc7\u53bb\uff1b\u5bf9\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5371\u9669\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u672a\u6765\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u80fd\u4ee5\u540c\u6837\u65b9\u5f0f\u5426\u5b9a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u9057\u4ea7\uff1f\u6b64\u540e\uff0c\u53cc\u65b9\u56f4\u7ed5\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u9053\u8def\u548c\u6b63\u7edf\u89e3\u91ca\u6743\u7684\u4e89\u8bba\u4e0d\u65ad\u6fc0\u5316\u30021969\u5e74\uff0c\u73cd\u5b9d\u5c9b\uff08\u8fbe\u66fc\u65af\u57fa\u5c9b\uff09\u51b2\u7a81\u6f14\u53d8\u4e3a\u8840\u8165\u7684\u8fb9\u5883\u4ea4\u706b\uff0c\u4e24\u5927\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e00\u5ea6\u9762\u4e34\u66f4\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6218\u4e89\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u66fe\u7ecf\u88ab\u63cf\u7ed8\u6210\u7262\u4e0d\u53ef\u7834\u7684\u8054\u76df\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u8ba9\u4f4d\u4e8e\u6fc0\u70c8\u7684\u6218\u7565\u5bf9\u6297\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u4ece\u91cd\u65b0\u9760\u8fd1\u5230\u65b0\u7684\u4e0d\u5e73\u8861<\/strong><\/p>\n

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2001\u5e74\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\u5408\u4f5c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u6210\u7acb\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u4e24\u56fd\u5728\u5730\u533a\u5b89\u5168\u4e0e\u56fd\u9645\u79e9\u5e8f\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u5bfb\u6c42\u5236\u5ea6\u5316\u534f\u4f5c\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u5e76\u672a\u56e0\u6b64\u5c06\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e2d\u4fc4\u5173\u7cfb\u89c6\u4e3a\u5929\u7136\u7a33\u56fa\u7684\u6218\u7565\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u3002\u53cc\u65b9\u56fa\u7136\u90fd\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e3b\u5bfc\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u79e9\u5e8f\u6301\u6279\u8bc4\u6001\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e5f\u90fd\u5f3a\u8c03\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e3b\u6743\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u4e2d\u4e9a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u7ade\u4e89\u4ee5\u53ca\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b9e\u529b\u4e0a\u7684\u5dee\u8ddd\uff0c\u59cb\u7ec8\u6784\u6210\u6f5c\u5728\u77db\u76fe\u3002<\/p>\n

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